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Previous issue date: 2013-10-21 / The central interest of this thesis is to comprehend how the public action impels the formation
and transformation of the tourist destinies. The research was based on the premise that the
public actions are the result of the mediation process of state and non-state actors considered
important in a section, which interact aiming for prevailing their interests and world visions
above the others. The case of Porto de Galinhas beach, in Pernambuco, locus of the
investigation of this thesis, allowed the analysis of a multiplicity of actors on the formation
and implementation of local actions toward the development of the tourism between the years
1970 and 2010, as well as permitted the comprehension of the construction of the referential
on the interventions made. This thesis, of a qualitative nature, has as theoretical support the
cognitive approach of analysis of the public policies developed in France, and it has as main
exponents the authors Bruno Jobert and Pierre Muller. This choice was made by the emphasis
on the cognitive and normative factors of the politics, which aspects are not very explored in
the studies of public policies in Brazil. As the source of the data collection, documental,
bibliographic and field researches were utilized to the (re)constitution of the formation and
transformation in the site concerned. The analysis techniques applied were the content and the
documental analysis. To trace the public action referential, it started by the characterization of
the touristic section frontiers and the creation of images by the main international body: the
World Tourism Organization, of which analysis of the minutes of the meetings underscored
guidelines to the member countries, including Brazil, which compounds the global-sectorial
reference of the section. As from the analysis of the evolution of the tourism in the country,
was identified that public policies in Brazil passed by transformations in their organization
over the years, indicating changes in the referential that guided the interventions. These
guidelines and transformations were identified in the construction of the tourist destination of
Porto de Galinhas, of which data was systematized and presented in four historical periods, in
which were discussed the values, the standard, the algorithms, the images and the important
mediators. It has been revealed that the State worked in different roles in the decades analyzed
in local tourism. From the 1990s, however, new actors were inserted in the formulation and
implementation of policies developed, especially for local hotelkeepers. These, through their
association, establishes a leadership relation in the local touristic section, thereby, they could
set their hegemony and spread their own interest. The leadership acquired by a group of
actors, in the case of Porto de Galinhas, does not mean that trade within the industry were
neutralized, but that there is a cognitive framework that confronts the actors involved. In spite
of the advances achieved by the work of the mediators in the last decades, that resulted in an
amplification and diversification of the activity in the area, as well as the consolidation at the
beach, as a tourist destiny of national standout, the position of the place is instable, concerned
to the competitiveness, once that there is an situation of social and environmental
unsustainability / O objetivo geral desta tese foi compreender como a a??o p?blica impulsiona a forma??o e
transforma??o de destinos tur?sticos. A investiga??o baseou-se na premissa de que as a??es
p?blicas s?o o resultado do processo de media??o de atores estatais e n?o estatais
considerados importantes em um setor, os quais interagem visando prevalecer seus interesses
e suas vis?es de mundo sobre os demais. O caso da praia de Porto de Galinhas, em
Pernambuco, l?cus de investiga??o desta tese, permitiu a an?lise de uma multiplicidade de
atores na forma??o e implementa??o de a??es locais voltadas ao desenvolvimento do turismo
nos anos de 1970 a 2010, bem como permitiu a compreens?o da constru??o do referencial das
interven??es realizadas. A tese, de natureza qualitativa, teve como suporte te?rico a
abordagem cognitiva de an?lise de pol?ticas p?blicas desenvolvida na Fran?a, tendo como
expoentes principais os autores Bruno Jobert e Pierre Muller. Esta escolha foi feita pela ?nfase
conferida aos fatores cognitivos e normativos da pol?tica, aspectos estes pouco explorados nos
estudos de pol?ticas p?blicas no Brasil. Foram utilizadas a pesquisa documental, a
bibliogr?fica e a de campo como fontes de coleta de dados para a re(constitui??o) da forma??o
e transforma??o deste destino. As t?cnicas de an?lises empregadas foram: a an?lise de
conte?do e a documental. Para tra?ar o referencial da a??o p?blica, partiu-se da caracteriza??o
das fronteiras do setor de turismo e a cria??o de imagens pelo principal ?rg?o internacional: a
Organiza??o Mundial do Turismo. A partir da an?lise da evolu??o do turismo no pa?s,
identificou-se que as pol?ticas p?blicas no Brasil passaram por transforma??es na sua
promo??o ao longo dos anos, indicando mudan?as no referencial que nortearam as
interven??es. Estas diretrizes e transforma??es foram identificadas na constru??o do destino
tur?stico de Porto de Galinhas, cujos dados foram sistematizados e apresentados em quatro
per?odos hist?ricos, nos quais foram discutidos os valores, as normas, os algoritmos, as
imagens e os mediadores relevantes. Identificou-se que o Estado atuou em diferentes papeis
nas d?cadas analisadas no turismo local. A partir da d?cada de 1990, contudo, novos atores
foram inseridos na formula??o e implementa??o das pol?ticas desenvolvidas, com destaque
para os hoteleiros locais. Estes, por meio da sua associa??o, instauraram uma rela??o de
lideran?a no setor tur?stico local, com isso, eles conseguiram firmar sua hegemonia e
disseminar seus pr?prios interesses. A lideran?a adquirida por um grupo de atores, no caso de
Porto de Galinhas, n?o significa que as trocas no interior do setor foram neutralizadas, mas
sim que existe um quadro cognitivo que se confronta com os atores envolvidos. Apesar dos
avan?os obtidos pelo trabalho dos mediadores nas ?ltimas d?cadas que resultaram na
amplia??o e diversifica??o da atividade na regi?o, bem como na consolida??o da praia como
um destino tur?stico de destaque em n?vel nacional, a posi??o do destino ? inst?vel em rela??o
? competitividade uma vez que existe um ambiente de fr?gil sustentabilidade social e
ambiental
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/12079 |
| Date | 21 October 2013 |
| Creators | Lopes, Alba de Oliveira Barbosa |
| Contributors | CPF:18819877449, http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4781518Y1, Sano, Hironobu, CPF:21299461867, http://lattes.cnpq.br/6037766951080411, Ara?jo, Maria Arlete Duarte de, CPF:10344365549, http://lattes.cnpq.br/8538092783362714, Silveira, Carla Borba da Mota, CPF:03419809433, http://lattes.cnpq.br/1318758213571635, Coriolano, Luzia Neide Menezes Teixeira, CPF:01832166368, http://lattes.cnpq.br/4477795642535596, Tinoco, Dinah dos Santos |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Administra??o, UFRN, BR, Pol?ticas e Gest?o P?blicas; Gest?o Organizacional |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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