The ability to fundamentally understand how changes in the molecular architecture and reinforcement at the molecular and nano-scale effect the mechanical and thermal behavior of glassy thermosets is of considerable interest. A series of epoxy-based networks with controlled molecular weight between crosslinks and backbone stiffness are utilized to identify characteristics that govern yield behavior. Two parameters, the glass transition temperature, Tg, and cohesive energy density, Ec, are identified to describe changes in network stiffness and strength, respectively. The parameters are incorporated into a model that describes yielding over a range of stress states, strain rates, and temperatures. The same epoxy network is used to explore the effects of backbone stiffness and crosslink density on the strain hardening modulus and fracture. It is found the strain hardening modulus is directly related to the crosslink density of the network similar to a traditional rubber. The backbone stiffness appears to have no effect on several post-yield phenomena. A class of compounds labeled molecular fortifiers are then incorporated into the model epoxy network. Two phosphorus-based compounds, one that is included as a free additive and another that is covalently bound to the network, are shown to improve a range of mechanical, physical, and thermal properties. The covalently bound fortifier increases the crosslink density through specific physical bonding interactions and alters the characteristics of the network. In addition several sulfur and a carbon-based compound are investigated as possible molecular fortifiers. The phhysical interactions in the interphase region are found to be enhanced in nano-clay composites that contain fortifiers. These interactions lead to improved mechanical and thermal characteristics over composites utilizing commercially modified nano-clays.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:UMASS/oai:scholarworks.umass.edu:dissertations-4512 |
| Date | 01 January 2006 |
| Creators | Calzia, Kevin J |
| Publisher | ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst |
| Source Sets | University of Massachusetts, Amherst |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Source | Doctoral Dissertations Available from Proquest |
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