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Previous issue date: 2011-08-29 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This work intends to present a contribution to the discussions about the social and environmental sustainability of extractive production of nuts (Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl.) played by traditional communities. Are described and analyzed two production systems in communities of Manicoré, in the Amazon: the Traditional, representing the Mocambo and the New, represented by the community Democracia The data analyzed correspond to two years: 2008 and 2009 and were obtained during interviews with Brazil nut gatherers and rural leaders with the help of semi-structured questionnaires and digital recorder, as well as direct observation and consultation documents. The communities have similar issues with regard to the number of families, primary forest product and time of existence of the community differ in regard to the social organization of work and production. The results demonstrate that different factors, including the opening of social participation, the adoption of new technologies, new forms of territorial management, new tools for land tenure, support from external agents governmental organizations were instrumental in the transformation of Traditional system (Community Mocambo) to a New System Community (Democracia). The systems have very contrasting and structural differences in this study were evaluated by three factors: production, income and expenses of the organization. The traditional system can be depicted as low-governance resulting from debt collectors using the instruments of subordination used by employers and hucksters which is aggravated by the non-adoption of technological advances that improve the quality and value of the product. The fruit of the new system of coordinating collective action, needed to be consolidated high investment in human capital formation and financial resources to support training activities and effective participation of all involved in decision making processes that resulted in the empowerment of communities. From the standpoint of the costs of social organization, collective action has proved advantageous when compared to individual action, as both individual and collective costs were higher than in Mocambo in Democracia. The annual household production and considering all factors of production, the linear regression model explains 87% of the variation and the production system, as an explanatory variable, was highly significant (p = 0.004). What supports the hypothesis that increased production observed in Democracy is associated with more efficient production system. From the standpoint of income and Brazil nut gatherers household budget, it was found that in Democracia families have a higher income that is invested primarily in the acquisition of durable goods and home repairs (57%), while income from the Mocambo Brazil nut gatherers is used mainly in food and clothing (90%) So, clearly demonstrates the importance of the high-governance from the standpoint of social and economic establishment of a new dynamic where social and environmental results are significant for biodiversity protection and transformation of social organization extraction and production.This work intends to present a contribution to the discussions about the social and environmental sustainability of extractive production of nuts (Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl.) played by traditional communities. Are described and analyzed two production systems in communities of Manicoré, in the Amazon: the Traditional, representing the Mocambo and the New, represented by the community Democracia The data analyzed correspond to two years: 2008 and 2009 and were obtained during interviews with Brazil nut gatherers and rural leaders with the help of semi-structured questionnaires and digital recorder, as well as direct observation and consultation documents. The communities have similar issues with regard to the number of families, primary forest product and time of existence of the community differ in regard to the social organization of work and production. The results demonstrate that different factors, including the opening of social participation, the adoption of new technologies, new forms of territorial management, new tools for land tenure, support from external agents governmental organizations were instrumental in the transformation of Traditional system (Community Mocambo) to a New System Community (Democracia). The systems have very contrasting and structural differences in this study were evaluated by three factors: production, income and expenses of the organization. The traditional system can be depicted as low-governance resulting from debt collectors using the instruments of subordination used by employers and hucksters which is aggravated by the non-adoption of technological advances that improve the quality and value of the product. The fruit of the new system of coordinating collective action, needed to be consolidated high investment in human capital formation and financial resources to support training activities and effective participation of all involved in decision making processes that resulted in the empowerment of communities. From the standpoint of the costs of social organization, collective action has proved advantageous when compared to individual action, as both individual and collective costs were higher than in Mocambo in Democracia. The annual household production and considering all factors of production, the linear regression model explains 87% of the variation and the production system, as an explanatory variable, was highly significant (p = 0.004). What supports the hypothesis that increased production observed in Democracy is associated with more efficient production system. From the standpoint of income and Brazil nut gatherers household budget, it was found that in Democracia families have a higher income that is invested primarily in the acquisition of durable goods and home repairs (57%), while income from the Mocambo Brazil nut gatherers is used mainly in food and clothing (90%) So, clearly demonstrates the importance of the high-governance from the standpoint of social and economic establishment of a new dynamic where social and environmental results are significant for biodiversity protection and transformation of social organization extraction and production. / Este trabalho pretende apresentar uma contribuição para as discussões a cerca da sustentabilidade socioambiental da produção extrativista de Castanha da Amazônia (Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl.) desempenhada por comunidades tradicionais. São descritos e analisados dois sistemas sociais de produção em comunidades de Manicoré, no Amazonas: o Tradicional, representando pela Comunidade Mocambo, e o Novo, representado pela comunidade Democracia Os dados analisados correspondem aos dois anos safra 2008 e 2009, e foram obtidos durante entrevistas com os castanheiros e lideranças rurais com auxílio de formulários semi-estruturados, além de observações diretas e da consulta de documentos. As comunidades apresentam aspectos semelhantes no que diz respeito ao número de famílias, produto extrativista principal e tempo de existência da comunidade, diferindo quanto à organização social do trabalho e da produção. Os resultados demonstram que diferentes fatores, entre eles a abertura da participação social, a adoção de novas tecnologias, as novas formas de gestão territorial, os novos instrumentos de regularização fundiária, o apoio de agentes externos governamentais e não governamentais foram fundamentais para a transformação do Sistema tradicional (Comunidade Mocambo) para um Sistema Novo (Comunidade Democracia). Os Sistemas possuem diferenças estruturais bastante contrastantes e foram avaliados neste estudo por três fatores: produção, renda e custos da organização. O Sistema tradicional pode ser retratado como de baixa governança decorrente do endividamento dos coletores por meio dos instrumentos de subordinação utilizados por patrões e regatões, o que é agravado pela não adoção dos avanços tecnológicos que melhoram a qualidade e a valorização do produto. O Sistema novo, fruto da coordenação de ações coletivas, para ser consolidado necessitou de alto investimento em formação de capital humano e recursos financeiros para subsidiar atividades de capacitação e a participação efetiva dos envolvidos em todos os processos de decisão que resultaram no empoderamento da comunidade. Do ponto de vista dos custos da organização social, a ação coletiva demonstrou ser vantajosa quando comparada a ação individual, visto que tanto os custos individuais como coletivos em Mocambo foram maiores que em Democracia. Quanto à produção anual das famílias e considerando-se todos os fatores de produção, o modelo de regressão linear explica 87% da variação e o sistema de produção, como variável explicativa, foi altamente significativo (p=0,004). O que corrobora a hipótese de que a maior produção observada em Democracia está associada à maior eficiência do sistema de produção. Do ponto de vista da renda da castanha e orçamento doméstico, constatou-se que em Democracia as famílias apresentam uma maior renda que é investida principalmente na aquisição de bens duráveis e reforma das casas (57%), enquanto que Mocambo a renda oriunda da castanha é empregada majoritariamente em alimentação e o vestuário (90%). Portanto, fica demonstrada a importância dos sistemas de alta governança do ponto de vista social e econômico, no estabelecimento de uma nova dinâmica socioambiental onde resultados têm impactos consideráveis na produção extrativista.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:http://localhost:tede/2551 |
| Date | 29 August 2011 |
| Creators | Cortez, Marcelo Gonçalves |
| Contributors | Pereira, Henrique dos Santos |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências do Ambiente e Sustentabilidade na Amazônia, UFAM, BR, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFAM, instname:Universidade Federal do Amazonas, instacron:UFAM |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | 5449866257713309297, 600 |
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