Le travail porte sur une nouvelle vision de l’analyse de l’internationalisation de la R&D dans les pays émergents. Nous redéfinissons les liens entre R&D et innovation ou R&D et technologie en mettant de l’avant le postulat que la technologie issue de l’activité de R&D est un facteur de production. Par la suite, la théorie de l’internationalisation est passée aux cribles, afin de trouver des réponses sur l’absence de prédiction de l’internationalisation de la R&D. Notre modèle du comportement de la multinationale est par la suite développé pour montrer comment les avantages O et I seuls suffisent à motiver la décision de la multinationale à internationaliser la R&D dans tout pays. La particularité de l’internationalisation dans les pays émergents est aussi ressortie avec l’absence de complémentarité qui apparaît lors de l’analyse empirique entre l’internationalisation de la R&D et celle des activités productives dans le cas de ces pays. Enfin, nous appliquons le modèle de croissance logistique dans le but de décrire la trajectoire technologique de la Chine et projeter son impact probable sur les unités de R&D des FMNs qui sont de nature exploratoire. / This research report deals with the subjects of the extension of foreign investments into emerging countries. the particularity nowaday is the internationalisation of strategic activity such as R&D. Many inquiries can be rise since, multinational technology activities are not anymore limited to simple adaptation activity. Emerging countries like China are emplementing their own technology trajectories, so as to attract more and more foreign R&D. This has to do with a change in the behavior of the foreign multinational because the conventional model not only cannot predict the internationalisation of R&D into emerging countries, but even when it does so, it assumes that the suitable technology activies into emerging countries are those limited to adapt home technology. I explain foreign multinational behavior by extending HEWITT (1981) model of internationalisation of R&D. I found that most of the R&D going to emerging countries is for development and adaptation. But the question still remains to know why some multinationals are extending their innovative activities into emerging countries and create regional innovation hubs (choosing one country to play the role of main regional innovation hub). I assume that multinational are both technology exploiting and technology explorer, their motivation are more than sharing their technology with emerging countries, but they aim at exploring technology opportunities in other for them to differentiate and innovate and stay a breath of what the competition is doing. In this part the research all the statistics and indicators show that China is playing the leading role with a technology trajectory above those of the three others countries. This seems to explain why China instead of India is the most attractive destination of foreign investment in production and in R&D.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:theses.fr/2013NICE0001 |
| Date | 11 March 2013 |
| Creators | Mani, Pierre Eric |
| Contributors | Nice, Richet, Xavier |
| Source Sets | Dépôt national des thèses électroniques françaises |
| Language | French |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Electronic Thesis or Dissertation, Text |
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