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Previous issue date: 1976-07-14 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The purpose of the present work was to study the efect of heat
treatments on three different oxisols and to follow the changes
in free Al by chenical determinations and pot experiments with
plants.
Soil samples were treated in laboratory conditions for one hour
at temperatures from room temperature up to 300?C. Changes in
the soil chemical properties and mineralogical composition were
followed in the heat treatcd samples in order to detect any
modifications in the following properties: pH taken in H
KCl suspensions, organic carbon content, Fe and Al extracted
with KCl and XH4 Ac pH 4.8. A compelemtary experiment was
carried in order to defect any effcct of the treatment at 400?C
for 15 minutes, on dry matter production of sorgo plants grown76
on one of the oxisols.
One hour heat treatment on these soils at temperatures below
100?C caused little to no change in the above listed soil properties, where as deep changes occured when the soil was heated
above 100?C. Carbon content decreased slightly at 200?C and
dropped to half its value at 300?C. Fe(III) was sensibly
reduced to Fe(II) at the expenses of carbon oxidation. This
reduction caused an increase in Fe extraction in NH
4 AC reaching a maximum at 200?C. At higher temperatures a fast dropin extratable Fe was observed with a tendency to reach zero.
This observations seen to indicate that in the process of
burning the vegetation cover of tropical soils, fhe heat itself
can cause a benefic effect decrasing Al toxity. This effect
is enhanced by the neutralixing action of the ash produced. / No presente trabalho estudou-se o efeito do tratamento t?rmico em tr?s latossolos com o objetivo de detectar-se modifica??es nos teores de Al livre, e conseq?ente elimina??o de
toxides desse elemento para as plantas.
Nos solos, tratados em laborat?rio ? temperaturas
que variavam do ambiente at? 300?C, foram estudadas as modifica??es causadas pelo calor sobre: a composi??o mineral?gica,
o teor de carbono, o pH determinado em suspens?o aquosa e em
KCl, o Al e o Fe extra?dos em KCl 1N e AcNH4 pH 4,8. Foi ainda estudado o efeito do tratamento t?rmico a 200?C e 400?C sobre o crescimento de plantas sorgo em um dos solos que apresentava toxides.
Com um per?odo de aquecimento de uma hora, poucas mo-7 3
difica??es se fizeram sentir at? a temperatura de 100?C. A
partir da? houve profundas modifica??es na composic?o mineral?gica que culminaram com o desaparecimento da gibsita e da
goetita. O teor de carbono reduziu-se apreciavelmente com o
aquecimento ? temperatura de 200?C e acima desta, tendo produzido a redu??o do Fe3+ a Fe2+ . Com a redu??o do Fe3+, houve
um aumento progressivo da extra??o desse elemento, tanto em
KCl como AcNH4 pH 4,8, que atingiu um m?ximo a temperatura de
200?C, diminuindo rapidamente a temperatura mais altas.
O Al troc?vel, extra?do em KCl, sofreu uma diminui-
??o progressiva e acentuada, a propor??o que a temperatura do
tratamento aumentava, reduzindo-se a zero a temperatura de
300?C. O Al extra?do em AcAG14 pH 4,8 aumentou a propor??o
que a temperatura do tratamento crescia acima de 100?C. Esse
aumento ? provavelmente devido a solubiliza??o de estruturas
do alum?nio mais sujeitas ao ataque da solu??o de pH 4,8 proveniente de estruturas cristalinas ou semi-cristalinas, pr?-
existentes que foram fragmentadas pela desidrata??o consequete do tratamento t?rmico.
O pH do solo tamb?m aumentou consideravelmente com
ostratamentos acima de 100?C, chegando a valores que se situavam a mais de uma unidade acima do seu valor inicial. Da mesma forma o alum?nio "n?o troc?vel", representado pela diferen-74
?a entre os dois m?todos de extra??o aumentou com a temperatura.
Um experimento com sorgo usando como substrato o solo aquecido a 200?C e 400?C por 15 minutos confirmou as observa??es qu?micas de laborat?rio sobre a redu??o da toxides do
alum?nio por efeito do calor. Fica portanto provado que independentemente do efeito neutralizante da cinza proveniente
das queimadas, o pr?prio calor do fogo atua sobre o alum?nio
livre do solo, reduzindo-o a n?veis menos t?xicos para as
plantas.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:localhost:jspui/1636 |
| Date | 14 July 1976 |
| Creators | Santos, Gabriel de Ara?jo |
| Contributors | Braun, Walter Augusto i Gross |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Agronomia e Ci?ncia do Solo, UFRRJ, Brasil, Instituto de Agronomia |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ, instname:Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, instacron:UFRRJ |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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