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Previous issue date: 2012-09-20 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Most of the energy consumed worldwide comes from oil, coal and natural gas. These
sources are limited and estimated to be exhausted in the future, therefore, the search for
alternative sources of energy is paramount. Currently, there is considerable interest in making
trade sustainable biodiesel, a fuel alternative to fossil fuels, due to its renewable nature and
environmental benefits of its use in large scale. This trend has led the Brazilian government
to establish a program (Probiodiesel) with the aim of introducing biodiesel into the national
energy matrix, by addition of 5% biodiesel to conventional diesel in 2010 to foster not only
the increase of renewable energy, but reduce imports of crude oil. This work evaluates
different methods of extraction of oil Carthamus tinctorius L., their characterization by IR, 1H
and 13C NMR, HPLC and TG and their use in the production of methyl ester (molar ratio of
oil / alcohol 1:6, and NaOH catalyst). The physico-chemical parameters (acid value, density,
viscosity, saponification index and surface tension) of oil and biodiesel were also described.
The produced biodiesel had a yield of 93.65%, was characterized in relation to their physicochemical
properties showing satisfactory results (density=875 kg/m3, viscosity = 6.22 mm2/s,
AI = 0.01 mg (NaOH) /g) compared with the values established by the the National Agency
Oil, Natural Gas and Biofuels / A maior parte da energia consumida no mundo prov?m do petr?leo, do carv?o e do g?s
natural. Essas fontes s?o limitadas e com previs?o de esgotamento no futuro, portanto, a busca
por fontes alternativas de energia ? de suma import?ncia. Atualmente, h? um consider?vel
interesse em tornar sustent?vel o com?rcio do biodiesel, um combust?vel alternativo ao de
origem f?ssil, em fun??o de sua natureza renov?vel e dos benef?cios ambientais de seu
emprego em larga escala. Essa tend?ncia levou o governo brasileiro a estabelecer um
programa (Probiodiesel) com o objetivo de introduzir o biodiesel na matriz energ?tica
nacional, atrav?s da adi??o de 5% de biodiesel ao diesel convencional em 2010, de forma a
incentivar n?o somente o aumento de fontes renov?veis de energia, mas reduzir as
importa??es do ?leo bruto. O presente trabalho avalia diferentes m?todos de extra??es
(Soxhlet, Ultrassom e Exaustiva) do ?leo de Carthamus tinctorius L., sua caracteriza??o por
IV, RMN 1H e 13C, CLAE, TG e Estabilidade Oxidativa que na presen?a de antioxidante
demonstrou ser bastante satisfat?rio e seu emprego na produ??o de ?ster met?lico (raz?o molar
?leo/?lcool; 1:6; NaOH como catalisador). Os par?metros fisico-qu?micos (?ndice de acidez,
densidade, viscosidade, ?ndice de saponifica??o e tens?o superficial) do ?leo e biodiesel
tamb?m est?o descritos. O biodiesel produzido que apresentou rendimento de 93,65%, foi
caracterizado em rela??o as suas propriedades fisico-qu?micas apresentando resultados
satisfat?rios (Densidade = 875 kg/m3; Viscosidade = 6,22 mm2/s; IA = 0,01 mg (NaOH)/g)
quando comparados com os valores estabelecidos pela Ag?ncia Nacional do Petr?leo, G?s
Natural e Biocombust?veis
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/17707 |
| Date | 20 September 2012 |
| Creators | Morais, Ellen Kadja Lima de |
| Contributors | CPF:18822851404, http://lattes.cnpq.br/7623147392470166, Ara?jo, Ant?nio Souza de, CPF:35530502415, http://lattes.cnpq.br/9770622597949866, Fernandes, Glauber Jos? Turolla, CPF:72074442491, http://lattes.cnpq.br/6067867622712912, Costa, Marta |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Qu?mica, UFRN, BR, F?sico-Qu?mica; Qu?mica |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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