Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2004. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The interface between science and technology and the society has led to the notion of science
as a social contract, in which scientists, politicians and the general public are called upon to
acknowledge the urgency of using all fields of science and technology to address human needs.
Science and technology is used as an instrument of change for a better quality of life and
sustainable development for the present and future generations. The object of science and
technology policies is to achieve specific development objectives. It is thus imperative to adopt
science and technology policies that support the national development strategies. It is also
important to set up science and technology structures to facilitate the proper functioning of the
science and technology system.
Competitiveness constitutes one of the most important challenges facing Southern Africa today.
With globalization and the expansion of world trade competition, it has become more difficult
for Southern African enterprise to keep up with the pace of technological developments. In the
light of these challenges, most countries are driving towards the adoption of a national system
of innovation (NSI) to encourage the interaction of policies, research and development, human
resource development and industrial development.
The study is induced by major science and technology set backs, which are common across
countries in Southern Africa namely, poor co-ordination mechanisms, poor science and
technology infrastructure and a lack of funding.
The study provides background information on the theoretical framework of the concept of
NSI. For the research method, a qualitative research design was followed with content analysis
of existing documents. Published documents were used to provide information on the three
countries, which were used as case studies namely Malawi, Namibia and South Africa. The
main focus of the case studies is on the following: an outline of the policy goals of each of the
three countries, the concept of the NSI as it is expressed by each of the countries and the
science and technology structures in the three countries.
The study identified poor co-ordination of science and technology activities as the key problem
of all three countries. The structures differ slightly and in particular, the placement of the
management of science and technology determines the efficiency of the system. The South
African NSI is well established as its network is strengthened by the National Advisory Council
for Innovation and the National Research and Development Strategy. Next is Namibia which
has a system in place, while Malawi is still at the initial stages of setting up its NS!. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die koppelvlak tussen wetenskap en tegnologie en die gemeenskap het gelei tot die siening van
wetenskap as 'n sosiale kontrak waarin wetenskaplikes, politici en die algemene publiek
versoek word om te erken dat dit nodig geword het om alle vertakkinge van wetenskap en
tegnologie aan te wend om menslike nood te verlig. Wetenskap en tegnologie word gebruik as
'n instrument om verandering teweeg te bring ter bevordering van 'n beter kwaliteit lewe en
volhoubare ontwikkeling vir die huidige en toekomstige generasies. Die doel van 'n wetenskap
en tegnologiebeleid is om spesifieke ontwikkelingsdoelstellings te verwesenlik. Dit is dus
noodsaaklik dat hierdie beleid in ooreenstemming met die nasionale onwikkelingsstrategieë
ontwerp moet word. Dit is ook belangrik om wetenskap en tegnologiestrukture in plek te stel
wat die effektiewe funksionering van die sisteem kan vergemaklik.
Mededingbaarheid is een van die grootste uitdagings wat Suider Afrika tans in die gesig staar.
Met globalisering en die uitbreiding van wêreldhandel het dit moeiliker geword vir Suider
Afrikaanse ondernemings om in pas te bly met tegnologiese ontwikkeling. In die lig van hierdie
uitdagings stuur die meeste lande in die rigting van 'n Nasionale Sisteem vir Innovasie (NSI)
om interaksie tussen beleid, navorsing en ontwikkeling, menslike hulpbronontwikkeling en
industriële ontwikkeling aan te moedig.
Wat aanleiding gegee het tot hierdie studie is die wetenskap en tegnologieprobleme wat
algemeen voorkom in die lande in Suider Afrikaanse, naamlik onvoldoende koërdinasie
meganismes, swak wetenskap en tegnologie-infrastruktuur en 'n gebrek aan fondse.
'n Kwalitatiewe navorsingsontwerp is gevolg waarin analise van die inhoud van dokumente as
navorsingsmetode gebruik is. Die studie verskaf agtergrond-inligting oor die teoretiese
raamwerk van die NSI konsep. Gepubliseerde dokumente is gebruik om inligting te verskaf oor
die drie lande wat as gevallestudies dien, naamlik Malawi, Namibië en Suid-Afrika. Die
hooffokus van die gevallestudies is soos volg: 'n raamwerk van die beleidsdoelstellings van elk
van die drie lande, die konsep NSI soos toegepas deur elkeen en die wetenskap en
tegnologiestrukture in elk van die betrokke lande.
Die studie het swak koërdinasie van wetenskap en tegnologie-aktiwiteite as die sleutelprobleem
van aldrie lande geïdentifiseer. Die strukture verskil effens van mekaar en veral die plasing van
die wetenskap en tegnologiebestuur bepaal die effektiwiteit van die stelsel. Die Suid Afrikaanse
NSI is goed gevestig omdat sy netwerk versterk word deur die Nasionale Adviesraad vir
Innovasie en die Nasionale Navorsing- en Ontwikkelingstrategie. Volgende is Namibië wat 'n
sisteem in plek het, terwyl Malawi nog maar in die beginstadium is van die daarstelling van hul
NSI.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:netd.ac.za/oai:union.ndltd.org:sun/oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/50089 |
| Date | 04 1900 |
| Creators | Maluke, Rethabile Olive |
| Contributors | Mouton, Johann, Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences. Dept. of Sociology and Social Anthropology. |
| Publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| Source Sets | South African National ETD Portal |
| Language | en_ZA |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Thesis |
| Format | 69 pages : illustrations |
| Rights | Stellenbosch University |
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