Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) are an unusual form of cancer that can occur in many different organs, commonly in the small intestinal. NET can be detected with the help of immunohistochemistry (IHC). IHC uses antibodies that bind to an antigen in the tissue. NET can be studied through this bond, which forms a colored product during an enzyme reaction, using a chromogenic or fluorescence-based method. Usually, NETs are analyzed with synaptophysin, chromogranin A, and CD56 markers. Novel studies have been conducted on insulin-associated protein 1(INSM1), a new emerging NET marker suggested to have higher specificity and sensitivity than the markers mentioned above. The work aimed to investigate the optimal protocol for INSM1, test an appropriate control, and evaluate if the INSM1 antibody works according to the description in the scientific literature and is suitable to be introduced into the routine practice and used as a diagnostic marker at the department for pathology and cytology in Växjö. The evaluation of INSM1 was performed on sectioned tissue samples with NET. NET staining was evaluated by dilution of the INSM1 antibody, different pretreatments and visualizing kits were used. The staining’s of INSM1 were assessed microscopically together with a pathologist. The analysis showed that the optimal result was gained by using 1 mg/ml of the INSM1 antibody. The staining intensity was preferable using the OptiView compared to UltraView. The INSM1-antibodies showed better binding to the antigen when using the “standard” pretreatment and the color intensity was more intense compared to the “mild” pretreatment. The evaluation showed that OptiView and standard pretreatment, gave the optimal result for NET diagnostics using the INSM1 antibody. Based on the work herein, the antibody INSM1 could be introduced into the routine practice at the department of pathology and cytology in Växjö.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:UPSALLA1/oai:DiVA.org:lnu-128546 |
| Date | January 2023 |
| Creators | Thuvall, Erica |
| Publisher | Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kemi och biomedicin (KOB) |
| Source Sets | DiVA Archive at Upsalla University |
| Language | Swedish |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Student thesis, info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis, text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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