Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2014. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: South Africa has some regions which are susceptible to moderate seismic activity. A peak ground
acceleration of between 0.1g and 0.15g can be expected in the southern parts of the Western
Cape. Unreinforced Masonry (URM) is commonly used as a construction material for 2 to 4
storey buildings in underprivileged areas in and around Cape Town. URM is typically regarded
as the material most vulnerable to damage when subjected to earthquake excitation. In this
study, a three-storey URM building was analysed by applying seven earthquake time-histories,
that can be expected to occur in South Africa, to a finite element model. Experimental data was
used to calibrate the in- and out-of-plane stiffness of the URM. A linear modal dynamic analysis
and non-linear implicit dynamic analysis were performed. The results indicated that tensile
cracking of the in-plane piers was the dominant failure mode. The building relied on the postcracking
capacity to resist the 0.15g magnitude earthquake. It is concluded that URM buildings
of this type are at risk of failure especially if sufficient ductility is not provided. The results
also showed that connection failure must be investigated further. Construction and material
quality will have a large effect on the ability of typical URM buildings to withstand moderate
magnitude earthquakes in South Africa. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Sekere gebiede in Suid-Afrika het ’n risiko van matige seismiese aktiwiteit. Aardbewings met
maksimum grondversnellings van tussen 0.1g en 0.15g kan in die suidelike gedeeltes van die Wes-
Kaap voorkom. Twee- tot vier-verdieping onbewapende messelwerkgeboue kom algemeen voor
in die lae sosio-ekonomiese gebiede van Kaapstad. Oor die algemeen word onbewapende messelwerkgeboue
as die gebou-tipe beskou wat die maklikste skade opdoen tydens aardbewings. In
hierdie studie is sewe aardbewings, wat tipies in Kaapstad verwag kan word, identifiseer en gebruik
om ’n tipiese drie-verdieping onbewapende messelwerkgebou te analiseer. Eksperimentele
data is gebruik om die materiaaleienskappe in die in-vlak asook uit-vlak rigtings te kalibreer.
Beide ’n liniêre modale en nie-liniˆere implisiete dinamiese analises is uitgevoer. Die resultate dui
daarop dat die dominante falingsmode die kraak van in-vlak messelwerk-tussenkolomme is. Die
gebou moes sy plastiese kapasiteit benut om die 0.15g aardbewing te kan weerstaan. Die gevolgtrekking
is dat dié tipe onbewapende messelwerkgeboue ’n risiko inhou om mee te gee, veral as
genoegsame vervormbaarheid nie verskaf word nie. Die resultate toon ook dat konneksie-faling
verder ondersoek moet word. Kwaliteit van vakmanskap en van materiaal het ’n groot invoed
op die vermoë van onbewapende messelwerkgeboue om aardbewings van matige intensiteit in
Suid-Afrika te weerstaan.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:netd.ac.za/oai:union.ndltd.org:sun/oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/86588 |
| Date | 04 1900 |
| Creators | Van Der Kolf, Thomas |
| Contributors | Haas, T. N., Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Engineering. Dept. of Civil Engineering. |
| Publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| Source Sets | South African National ETD Portal |
| Language | en_ZA |
| Detected Language | Unknown |
| Type | Thesis |
| Format | iv, 133 p. : ill. |
| Rights | Stellenbosch University |
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