This study investigates pine heights by age for actively managed stands in the southeastern U.S. using ICESat-2 ATL08-derived height data and maps derived from the Landsat time series. We intersected ICESat-2 ground tracks with locations of pine plantations and the Landscape Change Monitoring System (LCMS) Fast Loss product to identify previously clear-cut pine plantations. We subtracted the LCMS Fast Loss year from the date of the ICESat-2 acquisition to determine plantation age at the time of the height measurement. We stratified the data for management intensity, where stands that experience both thinning and harvesting were considered actively managed. The goal was to develop age-height relationships across the region to characterize better the impact of management on productivity and site index.
This research involved the analysis of over 137,998 ICESat-2 ATL08 segments in actively managed pine stands in the U.S. Southeast. We compared a subset of ICESat-2 heights with heights derived from airborne laser scanning acquisitions (ALS) available through the USGS 3D Elevation Program. The resulting R2 was 0.82, giving us confidence in the ICESat-2 ATL08-derived forest heights. Then, through data processing and analysis, we successfully stratified the spatial patterns of ICESat-2 ATL08 heights in the southeastern region. These patterns provided insights into the distribution and variability of forest heights across the region, contributing to informed decisions in forest management. We identified some challenges in predicting pine stand age through Landsat-derived disturbance products. We found that LCMS Fast Loss labels some heavy thins as a ‘Fast Loss,’ in addition to stand-clearing disturbances like clear-cuts, adding noise to our estimation of stand age. To overcome this issue, we employed a robust model of the logarithm of heights with a reciprocal of age using a random sample consensus (RANSAC) model to calculate site indices at base age 25 (years). Our results showed the site index for the region at a base age of 25 years is 20.1 m with a model R2 of 0.91. We compared the ICESat-2-derived site index with the FIA-derived site index to see the robustness of our results. Then, the modeled site index values were used to produce a map at a base age of 25 years for the U.S. Southeast, offering insights into spatial differences in regional forest productivity.
The results of this study have important implications for ecological research, forest management, and well-informed decision-making. Insights into the distribution and trends of actively managed forest heights in the Southeast are gained from studying the vast dataset, allowing for more efficient land management and conservation initiatives. In actively manage stands, our site index equation improves the ability to anticipate site productivity and estimate future timber outputs. The difficulties with age estimation that have been observed highlight the need for better methods for mapping disturbances using remote sensing in forests that use thinning as a silvicultural prescription. / US Forest Service, joint venture agreement 20-JV-11330145-037, and the USDA Mclntire-Stennis Formula Grant program, accession number 7003904, “Precision forestry for southern pine carbon monitoring.” / Master of Science
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:VTETD/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/118709 |
| Date | 01 December 2023 |
| Creators | Sharma Banjade, Sonia |
| Contributors | Forest Resources and Environmental Conservation, Thomas, Valerie A., Green, Patrick C., Wynne, Randolph H. |
| Publisher | Virginia Tech |
| Source Sets | Virginia Tech Theses and Dissertation |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Thesis, Text |
| Format | ETD, application/pdf, application/pdf |
| Coverage | United States |
| Rights | Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
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