Luk Chun-yin. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 119-131). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / ABSTRACT --- p.i / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.iv / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.x / LIST OF TABLES --- p.xii / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- GENERAL INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.6 / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.7 / Chapter 2.2 --- Ammonia chemistry --- p.10 / Chapter 2.3 --- Ammonia metabolism and excretion --- p.11 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Ammonia production --- p.11 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Blood levels of ammonia --- p.12 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Ammonia Excretion --- p.17 / Chapter 2.4 --- Urea metabolism and excretion --- p.23 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Urea Chemistry --- p.23 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Urea production in fishes --- p.24 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- Argininolysis --- p.25 / Chapter 2.4.4 --- Uricolysis --- p.26 / Chapter 2.4.5 --- Ornithine-urea Cycle (OUC) --- p.28 / Chapter 2.4.5.1 --- Tilapia inhabiting the highly alkaline Lake Magadi --- p.32 / Chapter 2.4.5.2 --- High Ambient Ammonia --- p.33 / Chapter 2.4.5.3 --- Air Exposure --- p.34 / Chapter 2.4.5.4 --- Toadfishes --- p.34 / Chapter 2.4.6 --- Blood urea concentration --- p.35 / Chapter 2.4.7 --- Urea excretion in fishes --- p.37 / Chapter 2.4.7.1 --- Branchial urea excretion in fishes --- p.37 / Chapter 2.4.7.2 --- Mechanisms of renal excretion in fishes --- p.40 / Chapter 2.5 --- Influence of environmental salinity on nitrogen excretion in teleosts --- p.42 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- BODY COMPOSITION AND UREA BIOSYNTHESIS OF SPAR US SARBA IN DIFFERENT SALINITIES --- p.46 / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.47 / Chapter 3.2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.49 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Experimental animals --- p.49 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Tissue sampling --- p.49 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Water chemistry analysis --- p.50 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Hematological parameters --- p.50 / Chapter 3.2.5 --- Metabolite and electrolyte contents --- p.51 / Chapter 3.2.6 --- Hepatic enzymes activities --- p.51 / Chapter 3.2.6.1 --- Tissue preparation --- p.51 / Chapter 3.2.6.2 --- Carbamyl phosphate synthetases (CPSases; E.C. 2.7.2.5) --- p.52 / Chapter 3.2.6.3 --- Ornithine carbamoyl transferase (OCTase; E.C. 2.1.3.3) --- p.53 / Chapter 3.2.6.4 --- Argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS; E.C. 6.3.4.5) --- p.54 / Chapter 3.2.6.5 --- Argininosuccinate lyase (ASL; E.C. 4.3.2.1) --- p.54 / Chapter 3.2.6.6 --- Arginase (ARG; 3.5.3.1) --- p.55 / Chapter 3.2.6.7 --- Glutamate dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.3) --- p.55 / Chapter 3.2.6.8 --- Uricase (E.C. 1.7.3.3) --- p.56 / Chapter 3.2.6.9 --- Allantoinase --- p.57 / Chapter 3.2.6.10 --- Allantoicase --- p.57 / Chapter 3.2.7 --- Statistical analysis --- p.58 / Chapter 3.3 --- Results --- p.59 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- "Changes in hepatosmatic index, renal somatic index, muscle water and lipid content and hematological parametersin response to different salinity acclimation" --- p.59 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Changes in serum chemistry in response to different salinity acclimation --- p.60 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Changes in hepatic ornithine-urea cycle enzyme activitiesin response to different salinity acclimation --- p.61 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Changes in GDHase and uricolytic enzyme activitiesin response to different salinity acclimation --- p.62 / Chapter 3.4 --- Discussion --- p.71 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Hematological responses --- p.72 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Muscle moisture content --- p.74 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Circulating electrolyte levels --- p.75 / Chapter 3.4.4 --- Circulating metabolites levels --- p.77 / Chapter 3.4.5 --- Urea metabolism --- p.80 / Chapter 3.4.5.1 --- Ornithine-urea cycle enzymes --- p.80 / Chapter 3.4.5.2 --- Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase isozymes --- p.81 / Chapter 3.4.5.3 --- Uricolytic pathway and argininolysis --- p.85 / Chapter 3.4.5.4 --- Influence of salinity on urea metabolism --- p.86 / Chapter 3.4.6 --- Conclusion --- p.87 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- EFFECT OF SALINITY ON NITROGEN EXCRETION OF SPARUS SARBA --- p.88 / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.89 / Chapter 4.2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.91 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Experimental animals --- p.91 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Experimental protocol --- p.92 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Determination of net ammonia and urea excretion rates --- p.94 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Statistical analysis --- p.94 / Chapter 4.3 --- Results --- p.95 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Net ammonia-N and urea-N excretion rates --- p.95 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Changes in net ammonia-N and urea-N excretion ratesin response to abrupt hyposmotic exposure --- p.95 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Changes in net ammonia-N and urea-N excretion rates after exposure to amiloride for 3 hours --- p.96 / Chapter 4.3.4 --- Changes in net urea-N excretion rates in response to elevated body urea levels --- p.96 / Chapter 4.3.5 --- Changes in net ammonia-N excretion rates in response to elevated body ammonia levels --- p.97 / Chapter 4.4 --- Discussion --- p.106 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Influence of environmental salinity on net ammonia-N and urea-N excretion rates --- p.106 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Effects of amiloride on nitrogen excretion --- p.109 / Chapter 4.4.3 --- Effect of increased body ammonia on ammonia excretion --- p.113 / Chapter 4.4.4 --- Changes in net urea-N excretion rates in response to elevated body urea levels --- p.113 / Chapter 4.5 --- Conclusion --- p.114 / Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- GENERAL CONCLUSION --- p.115 / references --- p.119
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_323395 |
| Date | January 2001 |
| Contributors | Luk, Chun-yin., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Biology. |
| Source Sets | The Chinese University of Hong Kong |
| Language | English, Chinese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Text, bibliography |
| Format | print, xiii, 131 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm. |
| Rights | Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) |
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