Chan, Wai Nga Gloria. / Thesis submitted in: December 2006. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 278-285). / Abstracts in English and Chinese ; appendix also in Chinese. / ABSTRACT (ENGLISH) --- p.i / ABSTRACT (CHINESE) --- p.iv / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.vi / TABLE OF CONTENT --- p.viii / LIST OF TABLES --- p.xix / Chapter Chapter 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1. --- Background to this Study --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2. --- Purpose of this Study --- p.2 / Chapter 1.3. --- Significance of this Study --- p.3 / Chapter 1.4. --- Organization of this Thesis --- p.3 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.5 / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.5 / Chapter 2.2 --- "Motivation, Investment and Language Learning" --- p.5 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Socio-psychological Approach to Motivation --- p.5 / Chapter 2.2.1.1 --- Motivation as a Socio-educational Model --- p.7 / Chapter 2.2.1.2 --- Instrumental and Integrative Motivation --- p.8 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Motivation in Self-determination Theory --- p.13 / Chapter 2.2.2.1 --- Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation --- p.13 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Individual Differences and Language Learning --- p.17 / Chapter 2.2.3.1 --- Personality --- p.18 / Chapter 2.2.3.2 --- Self-esteem --- p.19 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- Motivation and Investment of Adult Language Learners --- p.22 / Chapter 2.2.4.1 --- Differences between Child-Adult Learners --- p.22 / Chapter 2.2.4.2 --- Investment of Adult Language Learners --- p.25 / Chapter 2.2.5 --- Language Learning and Socio-cultural Theory --- p.27 / Chapter 2.3 --- Shift in Perspective in Adult Education from Transmission of Knowledge to Transformative Learning --- p.29 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Different Perspectives on Adult Education --- p.29 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Mezirow's Transformative Learning Theory --- p.31 / Chapter 2.3.2.1 --- Definition and the Emergence of Mezirow's Transformative Theory --- p.31 / Chapter 2.3.2.2 --- Transformation in Meaning Perspectives and Meaning Schemes --- p.33 / Chapter 2.3.2.3 --- Indication of Transformative Learning --- p.34 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Recognition of the Value of Lifelong Learning in Hong Kong --- p.36 / Chapter 2.4 --- Summary --- p.37 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- METHODOLOGY --- p.39 / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.39 / Chapter 3.2 --- Research Design --- p.39 / Chapter 3.3 --- Participants --- p.40 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Selection Criteria for the Focused Cases --- p.40 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Demographic and Language Background --- p.41 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Profile of Participants --- p.42 / Chapter 3.4 --- Instrumentation --- p.46 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Focus Group Interviews --- p.47 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Participant Observation and Informal Conversation --- p.48 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Semi-structured Individual Interviews --- p.48 / Chapter 3.4.4 --- Survey --- p.51 / Chapter 3.4.5 --- Triangulation of Data --- p.52 / Chapter 3.5 --- Data Collection and Processing --- p.53 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- Open-ended Focus Group Interviews --- p.53 / Chapter 3.5.2 --- Semi-structured Individual Interview --- p.54 / Chapter 3.6 --- Data Analysis --- p.55 / Chapter 3.7 --- Validity and Reliability --- p.55 / Chapter 3.8 --- Ethics --- p.57 / Chapter 3.9 --- Limitations --- p.58 / Chapter 3.10 --- Summary --- p.59 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS -SUN AND KRISTY'S STORIES --- p.61 / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.61 / Chapter 4.2 --- Sun's Story --- p.62 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- English Learning and Use in Childhood --- p.62 / Chapter 4.2.1.1 --- Influence of Family and Community --- p.62 / Chapter 4.2.1.1.1 --- Parental Influence --- p.62 / Chapter 4.2.1.1.2 --- Influence of Siblings --- p.65 / Chapter 4.2.1.1.3 --- Influence of Community --- p.67 / Chapter 4.2.1.2 --- Formal Schooling (Kindergarten to Secondary Three) --- p.68 / Chapter 4.2.1.2.1 --- Learning Experiences in Formal Schools --- p.68 / Chapter 4.2.1.2.2 --- English Teachers --- p.70 / Chapter 4.2.1.2.3 --- Attitudes Towards Education and English Learning in Formal Schools --- p.73 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- English Language Learning and Use in the Workplace --- p.76 / Chapter 4.2.2.1 --- Recognition and Confidence Gained from the Workplace --- p.77 / Chapter 4.2.2.2 --- Use of English in the Workplace --- p.79 / Chapter 4.2.2.3 --- Attitudes Towards English and English Learning in the Workplace. --- p.81 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Returning to the English Classroom --- p.81 / Chapter 4.2.3.1 --- Motivation --- p.82 / Chapter 4.2.3.2 --- Attitudes Towards English and English Learning --- p.83 / Chapter 4.2.3.3 --- Investment in Learning English --- p.85 / Chapter 4.2.3.4 --- Influence of Family and Community --- p.88 / Chapter 4.2.3.5 --- English Learning Experiences in Adulthood --- p.93 / Chapter 4.2.3.6 --- Course Instructors --- p.94 / Chapter 4.2.3.7 --- Classmates --- p.96 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Impact of English Learning at Adulthood --- p.101 / Chapter 4.2.4.1 --- Increased Confidence in Using English --- p.101 / Chapter 4.2.4.2 --- Better Job Opportunities --- p.102 / Chapter 4.2.4.3 --- Better Self-perception --- p.103 / Chapter 4.2.4.4 --- Psychological Well-being --- p.104 / Chapter 4.3 --- Kristy's Story --- p.105 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- English Learning and Use in Childhood --- p.105 / Chapter 4.3.1.1 --- Influence of Family and Community --- p.106 / Chapter 4.3.1.1.1 --- Influence of Parents --- p.106 / Chapter 4.3.1.1.2 --- Influence of Siblings --- p.109 / Chapter 4.3.1.1.3 --- Influence of Community --- p.110 / Chapter 4.3.1.2 --- Formal Schooling (Kindergarten to Secondary Four) --- p.111 / Chapter 4.3.1.2.1 --- Learning Experiences in Formal Schools --- p.111 / Chapter 4.3.1.2.2 --- English Teachers --- p.115 / Chapter 4.3.1.2.3 --- Attitudes Towards Education and English Language Learning --- p.119 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- English Language Learning and Use at the Workplace --- p.121 / Chapter 4.3.2.1 --- Use of English in the Workplace --- p.122 / Chapter 4.3.2.2 --- Attitudes Towards English and English Learning at the Workplace --- p.123 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Returning to the English Classroom as an Adult --- p.124 / Chapter 4.3.3.1 --- Motivation --- p.124 / Chapter 4.3.3.2 --- Attitude Towards English and English Learning --- p.125 / Chapter 4.3.3.3 --- Investment in Learning English --- p.125 / Chapter 4.3.3.4 --- Influence of Family and Community --- p.127 / Chapter 4.3.3.5 --- English Learning Experiences in Adulthood --- p.132 / Chapter 4.3.3.6 --- Course Instructors --- p.133 / Chapter 4.3.3.7 --- Classmates --- p.134 / Chapter 4.3.4 --- Impact of English Learning in Adulthood --- p.137 / Chapter 4.3.4.1 --- Increased Self-confidence and Confidence in Using English --- p.137 / Chapter 4.3.4.2 --- Better Job Opportunities --- p.140 / Chapter 4.3.4.3 --- Psychological Well-being --- p.142 / Chapter 4.4 --- Summary --- p.143 / Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS -EVA AND PAM'S STORIES --- p.148 / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.148 / Chapter 5.2 --- Eva's Story --- p.150 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- English Learning and Use in Childhood --- p.150 / Chapter 5.2.1.1 --- Influence of Family and Community --- p.150 / Chapter 5.2.1.1.1 --- Influence of Parents and Siblings --- p.150 / Chapter 5.2.1.1.2 --- The Influence of Community --- p.153 / Chapter 5.2.1.2 --- Formal Schooling (Kindergarten to Secondary One) --- p.155 / Chapter 5.2.1.2.1 --- Learning Experiences in Formal Schools --- p.156 / Chapter 5.2.1.2.2 --- English Teachers --- p.158 / Chapter 5.2.1.2.3 --- Attitudes Towards Education and English Language Learning --- p.166 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- English Language Learning and Use at the Workplace --- p.168 / Chapter 5.2.2.1 --- Use of English at the Workplace --- p.168 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- Returning to the English Classroom as an Adult --- p.168 / Chapter 5.2.3.1 --- Motivation --- p.169 / Chapter 5.2.3.2 --- Attitude Towards English and English Learning --- p.170 / Chapter 5.2.3.3 --- Investment in Learning English --- p.172 / Chapter 5.2.3.4 --- Influence of Family and Community --- p.176 / Chapter 5.2.3.5 --- English Learning Experiences in Adulthood --- p.181 / Chapter 5.2.3.6 --- Course Instructors --- p.181 / Chapter 5.2.3.7 --- Classmates --- p.182 / Chapter 5.2.4 --- Impact of English Learning in Adulthood --- p.184 / Chapter 5.2.4.1 --- Increased Self-confidence --- p.184 / Chapter 5.2.4.2 --- Better Self-perception --- p.187 / Chapter 5.2.4.3 --- Psychological Well-being --- p.189 / Chapter 5.3 --- Pam's Story --- p.190 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- English Learning and Use in Childhood --- p.191 / Chapter 5.3.1.1 --- Influence of Family and Community --- p.191 / Chapter 5.3.1.1.1 --- Influence of Parents and Siblings --- p.191 / Chapter 5.3.1.1.2 --- The Influence of Community --- p.196 / Chapter 5.3.1.2 --- Formal Schooling (Kindergarten to Secondary One) --- p.197 / Chapter 5.3.1.2.1 --- Learning Experiences in Formal Schools --- p.197 / Chapter 5.3.1.2.2 --- English Teachers --- p.198 / Chapter 5.3.1.2.3 --- Attitudes Towards Education and English Language Learning --- p.201 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- English Language Learning and Use at the Workplace --- p.203 / Chapter 5.3.2.1 --- Use of English at the Workplace --- p.203 / Chapter 5.3.2.2 --- Attitudes Towards English and English Learning at the Workplace --- p.203 / Chapter 5.3.3 --- Returning to the English Classroom as an Adult --- p.204 / Chapter 5.3.3.1 --- Motivation --- p.204 / Chapter 5.3.3.2 --- Attitude Towards English and English Learning --- p.209 / Chapter 5.3.3.3 --- Investment in Learning English --- p.212 / Chapter 5.3.3.4 --- Influence of Family and Community --- p.215 / Chapter 5.3.3.5 --- English Learning Experiences in Adulthood --- p.217 / Chapter 5.3.3.6 --- Course Instructors --- p.217 / Chapter 5.3.3.7 --- Classmates --- p.220 / Chapter 5.3.4 --- Impact of English Learning in Adulthood --- p.224 / Chapter 5.3.4.1 --- Better Job Opportunities --- p.224 / Chapter 5.3.4.2 --- Increased Self-confidence --- p.224 / Chapter 5.3.4.3 --- Better Self-perception --- p.226 / Chapter 5.4 --- Summary --- p.227 / Chapter CHAPTER 6 --- CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS --- p.231 / Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.231 / Chapter 6.2 --- Guiding Question One --- p.231 / Chapter 6.2.1 --- Difficulties faced at home --- p.231 / Chapter 6.2.2 --- Difficulties faced in school --- p.234 / Chapter 6.2.3 --- Difficulties faced in community --- p.239 / Chapter 6.2.4 --- Impact on adult language learning experiences --- p.240 / Chapter 6.3 --- Guiding Question Two --- p.243 / Chapter 6.3.1 --- Motivation to return to the English classroom in adulthood --- p.244 / Chapter 6.3.2 --- Investment in English learning --- p.245 / Chapter 6.4 --- Guiding Question Three --- p.251 / Chapter 6.4.1 --- Better Job Opportunities --- p.252 / Chapter 6.4.2 --- Increase in Self-confidence and Confidence in Using English --- p.253 / Chapter 6.4.3 --- Better Self-perception --- p.255 / Chapter 6.4.4 --- Psychological Well-being --- p.258 / Chapter 6.5 --- Implications --- p.261 / Chapter 6.5.1 --- For Adult EFL Learners --- p.261 / Chapter 6.5.2 --- For Instructors of Adult EFL Learners --- p.264 / Chapter 6.5.2.1 --- The Potential Personal Qualities of a Good Instructor for Adult EFL Learners --- p.265 / Chapter 6.5.2.2 --- Adult EFL Learners' Needs and Appropriate Teaching --- p.268 / Chapter 6.5.3 --- For Formal School English Teachers --- p.274 / Chapter 6.6 --- Limitations of the Present Study --- p.275 / Chapter 6.7 --- Suggestions for Future Study --- p.276 / REFERENCES --- p.278 / Appendix A Questionnaire - Before Taking Any Adult English Language Course (English Version) --- p.286 / Appendix B Questionnaire 一 Before Taking Any Adult English Language Course (Chinese Version) --- p.290 / Appendix C Questionnaire - At The Present Stage (English Version) --- p.293 / Appendix D Questionnaire - At The Present Stage (Chinese Version) --- p.302 / Appendix E Interview Protocols - Childhood and Formal Schooling --- p.309 / Appendix F Interview Protocols - In Working Life and Adulthood --- p.316 / Appendix G Consent Form (English Version) --- p.323 / Appendix H Consent Form (Chinese Version) --- p.325
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_325883 |
| Date | January 2007 |
| Contributors | Chan, Wai Nga Gloria., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of English. |
| Source Sets | The Chinese University of Hong Kong |
| Language | English, Chinese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Text, bibliography |
| Format | print, xix, 326 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm. |
| Coverage | China, Hong Kong, China, Hong Kong, Hong Kong |
| Rights | Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) |
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