This study investigated the cracking chemistry as model lipids were reacted over a benchmark catalyst, H-ZSM-5, and two industrially used catalysts, faujasite and silica-alumina. Initial work began with a homogeneous system in which oleic acid, an unsaturated free fatty acid, and triflic acid, a Bronsted superacid, were reacted at low temperatures. Results indicated that protonation began at the double bond with cracking occurring in the direction away from the carboxylic end and producing a multiplicity of branched saturated fatty acids. Heterogeneous cracking on H-ZSM-5 at 400°C indicated that acylglycerides initially crack due to protonation occurring on the outside surface of the catalyst. Secondary cracking formed olefins (C2 – C4) which then oligomerize to form aromatic hydrocarbons that were within the range of components for gasoline. Catalysis using faujasite and silica-alumina indicated that acylglycerides require milder cracking conditions than typical crude petroleum, indicating that lower temperatures and lower catalyst to feed ratios will be required to achieve the same reactant conversions as seen in petroleum refineries.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:MSSTATE/oai:scholarsjunction.msstate.edu:td-2860 |
| Date | 03 May 2008 |
| Creators | Benson, Tracy John |
| Publisher | Scholars Junction |
| Source Sets | Mississippi State University |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | Theses and Dissertations |
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