遺產及贈與稅的課徵具有實現社會公平的正面意義，但開徵至今，不僅稅收不豐，更因租稅規避行為普遍而失去效率，我國遂於2009年針對遺產及贈與稅制進行大幅改革。
本研究以美國、香港及新加坡的稅制實施與改革經驗為借鏡，輔以財政部國稅局的實際課徵數據，探討此次遺贈稅制改革的內容與影響。研究發現，此次遺贈稅改的影響，於短期會造成遺贈稅的稅收損失，但就長期而言，因稽徵效率提升及降低民眾跨期與跨區配置資源的條件限制，可增進整體社會資源的配置效率。此外，調降後的遺贈稅稅率約與租稅規劃成本相當，可望減緩我國資金外流的情形；惟仍須配合國內政治、經濟及社會環境之發展，方有足夠誘因吸引資金回流。
是故，本研究建議政府機關應有明確之政策發展方向，如欲以租稅政策促進經濟發展，應先正視我國目前面臨的競爭環境及資金流向問題，塑造優良投資環境，方能吸引資金回流，活絡我國經濟並培養適當稅源。再者，亦應確立遺贈稅制之定位，於未來改革方向，不論再降稅或廢除，均應規劃妥善之配套措施，使我國整體賦稅制度更臻完善。 / The estate and gift taxes are most often justified by the need to ensure a particular sense of fairness in the overall tax system. However, the two contribute to a rather insignificant share to total tax collection, and also encourage widespread tax avoidance. Thus, many economists argue that the estate and gift taxes are hard to justify on either efficiency or equity grounds. For these reasons, the Estate and Gift Tax Act in Taiwan was substantially revised in January, 2009.
The main purpose of this study is to explore the major revisions and the impact of the tax reform, supported by the financial statistics offered by the Ministry of Finance, R.O.C. The results of this study indicate that the significant revision will lead to a reduction in tax revenue in the short term. Neverthetheless, it will make the allocation of resources in the economy more efficient in the long term, since the collection efficiency of the two taxes improves and the restriction on allocation of resources for the public is reduced. Besides, the new tax rate is nearly equal to the cost of tax planning, so the capital outflow may be eased off. If the government and regulatory bodies also improve the investment environment, it will attract more foreign capital back to Taiwan.
Based on the above, this study provides some suggestions for the tax administration. First, it is necessary to set a clear policy direction. If policy makers intend to use tax policies as a tool for promoting economic development, it is important to address the issues which our country currently encounters with, including the competitive economic environment and where the capital flows to. Only with the better investment environment, can our country attract more international capital to invest in. Second, tax administration must establish the role played by estate and gift taxation in our tax system. Any reforms of the estate and gift taxes must entail a set of complementary measures, so that our tax system could be fairer and more efficient.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G0097353015 |
| Creators | 洪嘉苓 |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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