Equine Herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) is an important ubiquitous enzootic equine pathogen and one of the most common pathogens of the horse, causing, respiratory disease, epidemic abortion, occasionally neurological disease in horses, which leads to significant economic losses to the horse industry. EHV-1 induces several clinical signs of disease ranging in severity, from mild respiratory disease to abortion in pregnant mares, neonatal foal death and neuropathogenic disorders. Natural EHV-1 infection stimulated short lived protective immunity and had both humoral and cellular immune responses. Currently vaccination remains the best option to prevent EHV-1 infection and different applications of vaccination have been investigated and developed over the past decades. The objective of this research was the design of a safe and effective virus-vectored vaccine to prevent EHV-1 infections. In this research, EHV-1 glycoprotein D (gD) gene was cloned into the Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 (HSV-1) VC2 vector, which contains the gK∆31-68 deletion and UL20∆2-22 deletion. The VC2 strain cannot infect axonal neurons of mice and rats and has been shown to produce protective immune responses against both HSV-1 and HSV-2 viruses in mice and guinea pigs. Vaccination of mice with the HSV-VC2-EHV-gD increased virus neutralizing activities against EHV-1 (33.6%) in mice after three vaccinations, which was similar to commercial whole virus vaccine group (32.6%) and significantly higher than VC2 and Unvaccinated control groups (p<0.01 or p<0.001). Mice vaccinated with the VC2-EHV-gD group exhibited significantly higher humoral and cellular immune responses as detected by polychromatic flow cytometry when compared to the other groups (p<0.01 or p<0.001). Induction of IgG1 and IgG2a antibodies were significantly higher in the VC2-EHV-gD group than other groups after three vaccinations (p<0.001). Its interesting that induction of IgM antibody in the Vetera group was significantly higher than other groups before and after challenge (p<0.01 or P<0.05). Vaccination with the VC2-EHV-gD also stimulated strong cellular immune response (IFN-γ and TNF). Additional studies are needed to assess the VC2-EHV-gD vaccine efficacy in generating protective humoral and cellular immune responses in horses.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:LSU/oai:etd.lsu.edu:etd-11162015-102110 |
| Date | 14 December 2015 |
| Creators | Liu, Shiliang Anthony |
| Contributors | Kousoulas, Konstantin G., Roy, Alma F., Andrews, Frank, Francis, Joseph |
| Publisher | LSU |
| Source Sets | Louisiana State University |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | http://etd.lsu.edu/docs/available/etd-11162015-102110/ |
| Rights | unrestricted, I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained and attached herein a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee. I hereby grant to LSU or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below and in appropriate University policies, my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report. |
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