by Chan Shuk Mei. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 138-149). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Acknowledgements --- p.i / Abstracts --- p.ii / Contents --- p.vi / List of figures --- p.xi / List of plates --- p.xiv / List of tables --- p.xv / Abbreviations --- p.xvi / Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Pentachlorophenol --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Characteristics of pentachlorophenol --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Application of pentachlorophenol --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- The fate of pentachlorophenol in environment --- p.5 / Chapter 1.1.4 --- The toxicity of pentachlorophenol --- p.9 / Chapter 1.1.5 --- Remediation of pentachlorophenol --- p.13 / Chapter 1.1.5.1 --- Physical treatment / Chapter 1.1.5.2 --- Chemical treatment / Chapter 1.1.5.3 --- Biological treatment / Chapter 1.1.5.4 --- Alternative for combining two treatments / Chapter 1.2 --- Biosorbents --- p.18 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Chitin and chitosan --- p.21 / Chapter 1.2.1.1 --- History of chitin and chitosan --- p.21 / Chapter 1.2.1.2 --- Structures of chitin and chitosan --- p.21 / Chapter 1.2.1.3 --- Sources of chitin and chitosan --- p.23 / Chapter 1.2.1.4 --- Application of chitin and chitosan --- p.26 / Chapter 1.2.1.5 --- Study on PCP removal by chitinous material --- p.28 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Factors affecting biosorption --- p.29 / Chapter 1.2.2.1 --- Solution pH --- p.29 / Chapter 1.2.2.2 --- Concentration of biosorbent --- p.30 / Chapter 1.2.2.3 --- Retention time --- p.31 / Chapter 1.2.2.4 --- Temperature --- p.32 / Chapter 1.2.2.5 --- Agitation rate --- p.32 / Chapter 1.2.2.6 --- Initial sorbate concentration --- p.33 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Modeling of biosorption --- p.33 / Chapter 1.2.3.1 --- Langmuir adsorption model --- p.34 / Chapter 1.2.3.2 --- Freundlich adsorption model --- p.34 / Chapter 1.3 --- Photocatalytic degradation --- p.35 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Titanium dioxide --- p.36 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Mechanism of photocatalytic oxidation using photocatalyst TiO2 --- p.36 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Advantages of photocatalytic oxidation with Ti02 and H2O2 --- p.41 / Chapter 1.3.4 --- Degradation of PCP by photocatalytic oxidation --- p.41 / Chapter 2. --- Objectives --- p.45 / Chapter 3. --- Materials and methods --- p.46 / Chapter 3.1 --- Biosorbents --- p.46 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Production of biosorbents --- p.46 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Scanning electron microscope of biosorbents --- p.48 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Pretreatment of biosorbents --- p.48 / Chapter 3.2 --- Pentachlorophenol preparation --- p.48 / Chapter 3.3 --- Batch biosorption experiment --- p.48 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Quantification of pentachlorophenol by HPLC --- p.51 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Data analysis for biosorption --- p.51 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Selection of optimal conditions for batch PCP adsorption --- p.52 / Chapter 3.3.3.1 --- Effect of initial pH and biosorbent concentration --- p.52 / Chapter 3.3.3.2 --- Improvement on pH effect and biosorbent concentration --- p.52 / Chapter 3.3.3.3 --- Effect of temperature --- p.53 / Chapter 3.3.3.4 --- Effect of agitation rate --- p.53 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Effect of initial PCP concentration and biosorbent concentration --- p.53 / Chapter 3.3.4.1 --- Adsorption isotherm --- p.54 / Chapter 3.4 --- Photocatalytic oxidation --- p.54 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Reaction mixture solution --- p.54 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Photocatalytic reactor --- p.55 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Batch photocatalytic oxidation system --- p.55 / Chapter 3.4.4 --- Selection of extraction solvent --- p.59 / Chapter 3.4.5 --- Extraction efficiency --- p.59 / Chapter 3.4.6 --- Data analysis for PCO --- p.60 / Chapter 3.4.7 --- Irradiation time --- p.60 / Chapter 3.4.8 --- Determination of hydrogen peroxide concentration --- p.61 / Chapter 3.4.9 --- Effect of biosorbent concentration in PCO --- p.61 / Chapter 3.4.10 --- Effect of PCP amount on biosorbent in PCO --- p.61 / Chapter 3.4.11 --- Determination of chloride ion concentration and total organic carbon during PCO --- p.62 / Chapter 3.4.12 --- Identification the intermediates of PCP degradation by PCO --- p.62 / Chapter 3.4.13 --- Evaluation of the change of PCO treated biosorbents --- p.63 / Chapter 3.4.13.1 --- Chitin assay --- p.64 / Chapter 3.4.13.2 --- Diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy --- p.64 / Chapter 3.4.13.3 --- Protein assay --- p.66 / Chapter 3.4.13.4 --- Biosorption efficiency --- p.66 / Chapter 3.4.14 --- Multiple biosorption and PCO cycles of PCP --- p.66 / Chapter 3.4.15 --- Evaluation for the toxicity change of PCP adsorbed biosorbents during PCO --- p.67 / Chapter 4. --- Results --- p.68 / Chapter 4.1 --- Batch biosorption experiment --- p.68 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Selection of optimal conditions for batch PCP adsorption --- p.68 / Chapter 4.1.1.1 --- Effect of initial pH and biosorbent concentration --- p.68 / Chapter 4.1.1.2 --- Effect of Tris buffer and biosorbent concentrations --- p.73 / Chapter 4.1.1.3 --- Effect of temperature --- p.73 / Chapter 4.1.1.4 --- Effect of agitation rate --- p.73 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- Effect of initial PCP concentration and biosorbent concentration --- p.81 / Chapter 4.1.2.1 --- Adsorption isotherm --- p.82 / Chapter 4.2 --- Photocatalytic oxidation --- p.88 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Selection of extraction solvent --- p.88 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Determination of hydrogen peroxide concentration --- p.88 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Effect of biosorbent concentration in PCO --- p.88 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Effect of PCP amount on biosorbent in PCO --- p.94 / Chapter 4.2.5 --- Determination of chloride ion concentration and total organic carbon during PCO --- p.98 / Chapter 4.2.6 --- Identification the intermediates of PCP degradation by PCO --- p.102 / Chapter 4.2.7 --- Evaluation of the change of PCO treated biosorbents --- p.102 / Chapter 4.2.7.1 --- Chitin assay --- p.102 / Chapter 4.2.7.2 --- Diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy --- p.102 / Chapter 4.2.7.3 --- Protein assay --- p.102 / Chapter 4.2.7.4 --- Biosorption efficiency --- p.109 / Chapter 4.2.8 --- Multiple biosorption and PCO cycles of PCP --- p.109 / Chapter 4.2.9 --- Evaluation for the toxicity change of PCP adsorbed biosorbents during PCO --- p.109 / Chapter 5. --- Discussion --- p.115 / Chapter 5.1 --- Batch biosorption experiment --- p.115 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- Selection of optimal conditions for batch PCP adsorption --- p.115 / Chapter 5.1.1.1 --- Effect of initial pH --- p.115 / Chapter 5.1.1.2 --- Effect of Tris buffer and biosorbent concentrations --- p.118 / Chapter 5.1.1.3 --- Retention time --- p.119 / Chapter 5.1.1.4 --- Effect of temperature --- p.120 / Chapter 5.1.1.5 --- Effect of agitation rate --- p.121 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- Effect of initial PCP concentration and biosorbent concentration --- p.121 / Chapter 5.1.2.1 --- Modeling of biosorption --- p.122 / Chapter 5.2 --- Photocatalytic oxidation --- p.123 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Selection of extraction solvent --- p.124 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Determination of hydrogen peroxide concentration --- p.124 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- Effect of biosorbent concentration in PCO --- p.125 / Chapter 5.2.4 --- Effect of PCP amount on biosorbent in PCO --- p.127 / Chapter 5.2.5 --- Determination of chloride ion concentration and total organic carbon during PCO --- p.127 / Chapter 5.2.6 --- Identification the intermediates of PCP degradation by PCO --- p.128 / Chapter 5.2.7 --- Evaluation of the change of PCO treated biosorbents --- p.128 / Chapter 5.2.7.1 --- Chitin assay --- p.129 / Chapter 5.2.7.2 --- Diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy --- p.129 / Chapter 5.2.7.3 --- Protein assay --- p.131 / Chapter 5.2.7.4 --- Biosorption efficiency --- p.131 / Chapter 5.2.8 --- Multiple biosorption and PCO cycles of PCP --- p.132 / Chapter 5.2.9 --- Evaluation for the toxicity change of PCP adsorbed biosorbents during PCO --- p.132 / Chapter 6. --- Conclusion --- p.134 / Chapter 7. --- Recommendation --- p.137 / Chapter 8. --- References --- p.138
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_323817 |
| Date | January 2002 |
| Contributors | Chan, Shuk Mei., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Biology. |
| Source Sets | The Chinese University of Hong Kong |
| Language | English, Chinese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Text, bibliography |
| Format | print, xix, 149 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm. |
| Rights | Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) |
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