Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study examines the portrayal of characters in four Xhosa novels of the 1990s. The
objective is to found out whether or not characterization in the Xhosa novels of the 1990s
improves. This is done with the view that past studies of characterization done before
1990 by Jafta (1978; 1996), Satyo (1978), Sirayi (1989) and Dlali (1992) gave the picture
that a high percentage of writers portray characters as archetypes because of thematic
concerns. This often renders characterization poor in the sense that the reader is able to
predict the outcome of events through the actions of the characters.
However, Zulu (1999:3) argues that with the inceptor of democracy in South Africa in
1994, African Languages literature was liberated as well from several constraints, and
reveals some signs of maturing. This study is thus conducted to confirm or refute Zulu's
(1999) claim that there are signs of improvement in the way writers portray characters.
The study concentrates of four selected Xhosa novels published in the 1990s. The novels
are selected on the criteria that they have won literary prizes and are written by prolific
writers.
It is found that in all four novels, Iqlina lomtshato, Kazi Ndenzeni na?, Koda Kube
Nni na? and Ukhozi Olumaphiko the novelists have succeededin creating realistic, live,
dynamic, complex and multidimensional characters. The change and development of
characters are influenced by environmental change as a result of social, political and
economic factors. However, the study also shows that some events in Ukhozi
Olumphiko are implausible. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek die voorstelling van karakters in vier Xhosa novellas in die 1990s.
Die hoofdoelstelling is om te bepaal of daar 'n verbetering in kwaliteit is in die Xhosa
novellas in die negentiger jare. Hierdie ondersoek word gedoen in die lig van
voorafgaande studies soos Jafte (1978, 1996); Satyo (1978); Sirayi (1989) and Dlali
(1992) wat bevind dat 'n groot aantal skrywers, karakters in Xhosa novellas as
stereoptipes voorstelop grond van die "telematiese" oorwegings at hulle het. Dit het
dikwels die gevolg dat karakterisering swak is in die sin dat die leser die uiteinde van
gebeurtenisse kan voorspel deur die handelinge van die karakters.
Zulu (1999:3) argumenteer egter dat met die verkryging van demokrasie in Suid Afrika, is
die letterkunde van die Afrikatale ook bevry, en dit vertoon tekens dat die literêre wasdom
bereik. Hierdie studie word dus onderneem om Zulu (1999) se aanspraak te ondersteun
of te weerlê dat daar tekens van verbetering is in die wyse waarop skrywers karakters
voorstel.
Die studie konsentreer op vier geselekteerde Xhosa novelles wat in die 1990s gepubliseer
is. Die novelles is geselekteer volgens kriteria dat hulle literêre pryse gewen het en deur
erkende skrywers geskryf is.
Daar word bevind in die studie dat die skrywers in al vier die novelles, Iqlina lomtshato,
Kazi Ndenzeni na?, Koda Kube Nni na? en Ukhozi Olumaphiko suksesvol was in die
skep van realistiese, lewendige, ekonomiese komplekse en multi-dimensionele karakters.
Die verandering en ontwikkeling van karakters word beïnvloed deur
omgewingsverandering, sowel as deur sosiale, politieke en ekonomiese faktore. Dit word
egter bevind dat sommige handelinge in die novelle Ukhozi Olumaphiko
ongeloofwaardig is. / INTSHWANKATHELO ISIXHOSA: Lo msebenzi uphonononga ukuvezwa kwabalinganiswa kwiinoveli zesiXhosa ezine
ezibhalwe ukususela kumnyaka ka-1990 ukuya ku-1999. Injongo yalo msebenzi
kukuqwalasela ukuba ikho kusini na impucuko kwindlela abazotywa ngayo abalinganiswa
kwezi noveli zesiXhosa zibhalwe ngomnyaka ka-1990 ukubheka phambili. Oku kwenziwa
phantsi koluvo lokuba izifundo zamandulo ezimalunga nokuzotywa kwabalinganiswa
ngokubhalwa nguJafta (1978;1996), uSatyo (1978) uSirayi (1989) noDlali (1992)
zibonakalisa ukuba uninzi Iwababhali luveza abalinganiswa njengemizekelo esisiseko
ukuzama ukubanxulumanisa nomxholo wenoveli leyo. Oku ke kubeka ukuzotywa
kwabalinganiswa kwizinga eliphantsi nanjengoko umfundi aye akwazi lula ukuthelekelela
iziphumo zezehlo ngokujonga iintshukumo ezi zabalinganiswa.
Ukanti ke, uZulu (1999:3) uveza ukuba ukususela mhla kwamiselwa ulawulo lukawonkewonke
okanye inkululeko eMzantsi Afrika ngomnyaka ka-1994, uncwadi IweeLwimi
zaseAfrika Iwaye Iwakhululeka nalo, Iwaze Iwabonakalisa iimpawu zokuvuthwa.
Lo msebenzi ke ujolise ekuqinisekiseni okanye ekuphikiseni ingcamango kaZulu (1999)
yokuba kukho iimpawu ezibonakalisa ukuphuhla kwindlela ababhali abaveza ngayo
abalinganiswa.
Lo msebenzi ke uza kuqwalasela kwiinoveli zesiXhosa ezine ezikhethiweyo nezishicilelwe
kwisithuba sika-1990 ukubheka phambili. Ezi noveli zikhethwe phantsi komgomo wokuba
ziphumelele amabhaso oncwadi yaye zibhalwe ngoomakhwekhwetha bababhali
abavunyiweyo.
Kuye kwafunyaniswa into yokuba kwezi noveli zone, Iqhina lomtshato, Kazi Ndenzeni na?,
Koda Kube Nini na?, kunye noKhozi Olumaphiko ababhali beenoveli baphumelele
ekwakheni abalinganiswa ababonisa izinto ngobunjalo bazo, abaphilayo, abanentshukumo,
abantsonkothileyo nabambaxa. Utshintsho nokuphuhla kwabalinganiswa lubangelwa
kukutshintsha kweendawo abahlala kuzo ngokudalwa ziimeko zokuhlala, ezopolitiko,
nezoqoqosho. Ukanti ke, ezinye zezehlo kuKhozi Olumaphiko aziqondakali
ngokugqibeleleyo.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:netd.ac.za/oai:union.ndltd.org:sun/oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/52160 |
| Date | 12 1900 |
| Creators | Dokolwane, Kutala Primrose |
| Contributors | Zulu, N. S., Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences. Dept. of African Languages. |
| Publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| Source Sets | South African National ETD Portal |
| Language | en_ZA |
| Detected Language | Unknown |
| Type | Thesis |
| Format | 119 p. |
| Rights | Stellenbosch University |
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