Piezoelectric actuators have proven to be useful in suppressing disturbances and shape control
of flexible structures. Large space structures such as solar arrays are susceptible to large
amplitude vibrations while in orbit. Moreover, Shape control of many high precision structures
such as large membrane mirrors and space antenna is of great importance. Since most of these
structures need to be ultra-light-weight, only a limited number of actuators can be used. Consequently,
in order to obtain the most effcient control system, the locations of the piezoelectric
elements as well as the feedback gain should be optimized. These optimization problems are
generally non-convex. In addition, the models for these systems typically have a large number
of degrees of freedom.
Researchers have used numerous optimization criteria and optimization techniques to find
the optimal actuator locations in structural shape and vibration control. Due to the non-convex
nature of the problem, evolutionary optimization techniques are extensively used. However,
One drawback of these methods is that they do not use the gradient information and so convergence
can be very slow. Classical gradient-based techniques, on the other hand, have the
advantage of accurate computation; however, they may be computationally expensive, particularly
since multiple initial conditions are typically needed to ensure that a global optimum is
found. Consequently, a fast, yet global optimization method applicable to systems with a large
number of degrees of freedom is needed.
In this study, the feedback control is chosen to be an optimal linear quadratic regulator.
The optimal actuator location problem is reformulated as a convex optimization problem. A
subgradient-based optimization scheme which leads to the global solution of the problem is
introduced to optimize the actuator locations. The optimization algorithm is applied to optimize
the placement of piezoelectric actuators in vibration control of flexible structures. This method
is compared with a genetic algorithm, and is observed to be faster in finding the global optimum.
Moreover, by expanding the desired shape into the structure’s modes of vibration, a methodology
for shape control of structures is presented. Applying this method, locations of piezoelectric
actuators on flexible structures are optimized.
Very few experimental studies exist on shape and vibration control of structures. To the best
knowledge of the author, optimal actuator placement in shape control has not been experimentally
studied in the past. In this work, vibration control of a cantilever beam is investigated for
various actuator locations and the effect of optimal actuator placement is studied on suppressing
disturbances to the beam. Also using the proposed shape control method, the effect of optimal
actuator placement is studied on the same beam. The final shape of the beam and input voltages
of actuators are compared for various actuator placements.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:WATERLOO/oai:uwspace.uwaterloo.ca:10012/7459 |
| Date | January 2013 |
| Creators | Darivandi Shoushtari, Neda |
| Source Sets | University of Waterloo Electronic Theses Repository |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Thesis or Dissertation |
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