To characterize low-pressure, brittle deformation in porous, granular rock, notchcut
cylinders (30 mm neck diameter) of Berea Sandstone were extended in a triaxial
apparatus from 10 to 160 MPa confining pressure at strain rates of 10-4 s-1 and 10-5 s-1.
Acoustic emission counts were monitored when extending samples at a slow strain rate.
Stress at fracture is characterized by the least compressive principal stress, ??3, and
maximum compressive principal stress, ??1 (??1 = Pc). A change in strength dependence
on pressure at Pc = 50 MPa corresponds to a change from pure macroscopic extension
fracture to mixed-mode opening and shear fracture, and likely reflects the increase in
mean stress that suppresses the propagation of extension fractures and the interaction
between closely-spaced stepped cracks. Within the extension fracture regime (Pc < 50
MPa), ??3 at failure becomes slightly more tensile with an increase in Pc. At Pc > 50
MPa, ??3 at failure becomes more compressive with an increase in Pc and follows
Coulomb behavior; however, the angle between the fracture surface and ??1 increases
continuously with Pc. Fracture surfaces characteristic of the extension to shear fracture
transition appear as linked, stepped extension fractures; the length of extensional
segments decreases with increasing pressure. The onset of acoustic emissions and inelastic strain at fracture occurs at earlier points in the strain history with pressure,
consistent with the Griffith prediction of the beginning of fracture growth.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:tamu.edu/oai:repository.tamu.edu:1969.1/2584 |
| Date | 01 November 2005 |
| Creators | Bobich, Jennifer Kay |
| Contributors | Chester, Frederick M. |
| Publisher | Texas A&M University |
| Source Sets | Texas A and M University |
| Language | en_US |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Book, Thesis, Electronic Thesis, text |
| Format | 779013 bytes, electronic, application/pdf, born digital |
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