Trends in incidence and risk factors for drowning among infants aged less than 1 and toddlers aged 1 to 4 in Canada from 1991--98 were compared to other injury deaths. Incidence, risk factors and in-hospital mortality of infant and toddler hospitalizations due to near drowning from 1994--98 were compared to other injuries. Drowning rates decreased by 79% among infants, from 1.4 per 100,000 person-years during 1991--94 to 0.3 during 1995--98 (0.001 < p < 0.0025 by chi2) and by 38% among toddlers, from 3.2 to 2.0 (p < 0.0005 by chi2). The rate of near drowning hospitalization among children aged 0--4 decreased by 30% from 1991--92 to 1997--98 (0.01 < p < 0.02 by chi2 for trends). Near drowning was the source of 5% of infant and 28% of toddler in-hospital injury deaths in 1994--98. The case-fatality ratio of near drowning hospitalizations was the highest of all injuries with 7% mortality among infants and 12% among toddlers. The decrease in incidence of drowning among infants and toddlers was not paralleled by a similar dramatic decrease in the incidence of other injury deaths in the same period in Canada, nor of near drowning hospitalization, and could be linked to prevention interventions from the Canadian Red Cross Society.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:LACETR/oai:collectionscanada.gc.ca:QMM.33744 |
| Date | January 2001 |
| Creators | Dandavino, Mylene. |
| Contributors | Barss, Peter (advisor) |
| Publisher | McGill University |
| Source Sets | Library and Archives Canada ETDs Repository / Centre d'archives des thèses électroniques de Bibliothèque et Archives Canada |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Electronic Thesis or Dissertation |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Coverage | Master of Science (Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics.) |
| Rights | All items in eScholarship@McGill are protected by copyright with all rights reserved unless otherwise indicated. |
| Relation | alephsysno: 001862610, proquestno: MQ78861, Theses scanned by UMI/ProQuest. |
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