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Previous issue date: 2016-05-23 / As nanoemuls?es s?o sistemas geralmente compostos por tensoativos, fase aquosa e fase oleosa. Podem variar de acordo com a composi??o, tamanho das got?culas dispersas, aspecto, aplica??es, dentre outros. Apresentam got?culas dispersas em escala nanom?trica, estabilidade cin?tica e aspecto transparente a transl?cido. Dentre suas vantagens, destaca-se a maior superf?cie de contato devido ao tamanho das got?culas dispersas, associado ? menor quantidade de mat?ria ativa. Este trabalho prop?e produzir novas nanoemuls?es atrav?s da dilui??o de microemuls?o com sua fase aquosa ou com fase aquosa polim?rica salina, e aplica??o na recupera??o de petr?leo em rochas carbon?ticas. A microemuls?o precursora ? composta por tensoativos ani?nico e n?o i?nico (UNT-L90 e sab?o base), cotensoativo (n-butanol), fase oleosa (querosene) e fase aquosa (solu??o de NaCl a 3,50%). Os sistemas nanoemulsionados foram estudados em rela??o ao percentual de tensoativos (1,00%, 1,25%, 2,00%, 2,50%, 5,00% e 7,00%) e ? presen?a de pol?meros (ani?nico e cati?nico, a 0,08%). Os sistemas propostos neste estudo foram caracterizados usando as seguintes t?cnicas: tamanho de got?cula, turbidez, tens?o superficial, tens?o interfacial, condutividade el?trica, pH, ?ndice de refra??o, densidade, reologia e SAXS. A microemuls?o e as nanoemuls?es, sem pol?mero, foram caracterizadas como fluidos Newtonianos, enquanto as nanoemuls?es polim?ricas como fluidos pseudopl?sticos. A microemuls?o foi termodinamicamente est?vel, transparente e com got?culas monodispersas, com 11,8 nm de di?metro. Os sistemas nanoemulsionados foram metaest?veis, com got?culas variando de 16,80 nm a 61,40 nm. Os sistemas microemulsionado e nanoemulsionados apresentaram micelas diretas do tipo ?miolo-casca? em seu interior. A microemuls?o e algumas nanoemuls?es estudadas foram utilizadas na recupera??o avan?ada de petr?leo, aplicadas a um reservat?rio carbon?tico contendo ?leo leve. Os melhores resultados foram de 99,56% e 75,18% de extra??o do ?leo remanescente, para a microemuls?o e nanoemuls?o, respectivamente; com recupera??es totais de ?leo original de 99,73% e 83,28%. O efeito sin?rgico entre o meio salino, micelas e pol?mero favoreceu a recupera??o de ?leo com as nanoemuls?es; cujo melhor resultado foi obtido com a NanoD2, composta por 2,50% de tensoativos, 3,50% de NaCl e 0,08% do pol?mero AN 934 PWG; embora as propriedades da rocha tamb?m tenham influ?ncia. O trabalho mostrou que nanoemuls?es e microemuls?es podem ser alternativas vi?veis para aplica??o em recupera??o avan?ada de petr?leo. / Nanoemulsions are systems generally composed by surfactant, aqueous phase and oil phase. These systems may vary according to their composition, size of dispersed droplets, appearance, applications, among others. They have nano-scale dispersed droplets, kinetic stability and an appearance from transparent to translucent. Among their advantages, it may be highlighted the large contact surface, due to the size of the dispersed droplets, associated with smaller amount of active matter. This research proposes the production of new nanoemulsions, through the dilution of microemulsion, with its aqueous phase or with saline polymeric aqueous phase, and their use to recover oil in carbonate rocks. The precursor microemulsion is composed of nonionic and anionic surfactants (UNT-L90 and soap base), cosurfactant (n-butanol), oil phase (kerosene) and aqueous phase (NaCl solution at 3.50%). The nanoemulsionated systems were studied based on the percentage of surfactants (1.00%, 1.25%, 2.00%, 2.50%, 5.00% and 7.00%) and on the presence of polymers (anionic and cationic, at 0.08%). The proposed systems were characterized by using the following techniques: droplet size, turbidity, surface tension, interfacial tension, electrical conductivity, pH, refractive index, density, rheology, and SAXS. The microemulsion and the nanoemulsions, without polymers, were characterized as Newtonian fluids, while the polymeric nanoemulsions were characterized as pseudoplastic fluids. The microemulsion was thermodynamically stable, transparent and had monodispersed droplets with a diameter of 11.80 nm. The nanoemulsionated systems were metastable, with droplets ranging from 16.80 nm to 61.40 nm. The microemulsionated and nanoemulsionated systems presented direct micelles, with a core-shell inner type. The microemulsion and some studied nanoemulsions were applied as an enhanced oil recovery method, through carbonate rocks containing light oil. The best results extracted 99.56% and 75.18% of the remaining oil, for the microemulsion and nanoemulsion, respectively, with total oil recovery of 99.73% and 83.28%. The synergic effect among saline medium, micelles and polymer favored the oil recovery with nanoemulsions; whose best result was obtained by NanoD2, composed of 2.50% surfactants, 3.50% NaCl and 0.08% of the AN 934 PWG polymer; although the rock properties also influences the process. The work showed that nanoemulsions and microemulsions can be viable alternatives for application in enhanced oil recovery.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/21958 |
| Date | 23 May 2016 |
| Creators | Meneses, Zildiany Ibiapina |
| Contributors | 07286937391, Wanderley Neto, Alcides de Oliveira, 00738841463, Rodrigues, Marcos Allyson Felipe, 04575614408, Moura, Maria Carlenise Paiva de Alencar, 21414130368, Vale, Tulio Yterbio Fernandes, 85050822491, Dantas, Tereza Neuma de Castro |
| Publisher | PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM CI?NCIA E ENGENHARIA DE PETR?LEO, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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