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Previous issue date: 2016-06-28 / O ?p? de pedra? ? um res?duo resultante do beneficiamento de rochas para
obten??o de britas utilizadas na constru??o civil, tendo estas o seu uso mais comum
em concretos. A sua gera??o ? na ordem de 10% a 15% do volume total de pedra
beneficiada e, normalmente, s?o depositadas na ?rea da empresa de minera??o. O
objetivo desta pesquisa foi desenvolver blocos e tijolos cer?micos, com mat?riasprimas
provenientes da regi?o de Eun?polis, no extremo sul da Bahia, com adi??o
deste res?duo na argila de queima vermelha. Com isso, pretende-se dar destino
adequado ao res?duo e, ao mesmo tempo, preservar as jazidas de argila da regi?o,
reduzindo o impacto ambiental causado por sua explora??o. As massas cer?micas
foram formuladas com a t?cnica de planejamento de misturas, utilizando, para isso,
o software Statistic. As porcentagens do res?duo na massa foram de 0, 15 e 30%,
em massa, definidas pelo software em fun??o do limite m?ximo de 30% de res?duo
que foi utilizada na massa cer?mica. Foram confeccionados corpos de provas nas
dimens?es de 60x20x5 mm3 em matriz met?lica, e prensados uniaxialmente com
uma press?o de 25 MPa. A queima ocorreu nas temperaturas de 825?C, 925?C e
1025?C, com taxa de aquecimento de 1?C/min, 8?C/min e 15?C/min, e patamar de
180 minutos na temperatura m?xima. A caracteriza??o das mat?rias-primas e das
massas formuladas foi realizada atrav?s de ensaios de granulometria, limites de
Atterberg, fluoresc?ncia de raios X (FRX), difra??o de raios X (DRX), microscopia
eletr?nica de varredura (MEV), microscopia ?tica (MO), an?lise termogravim?trica
(TG) e calorimetria explorat?ria diferencial (DSC). As propriedades f?sicas
determinadas foram a absor??o de ?gua, retra??o linear, porosidade, resist?ncia ?
flex?o e massa espec?fica aparente. Foi analisado, tamb?m, o comportamento da
massa cer?mica, no que diz respeito ? extrus?o dos blocos cer?micos em extrusora
de laborat?rio, determinando a sua resist?ncia ? compress?o (Rc) e absor??o de
?gua (AA). A efic?cia do planejamento de misturas foi confirmada, realizando os
mesmos ensaios mec?nicos e f?sicos em uma nova formula??o feita com percentual
diferente das utilizadas para obten??o do modelo de regress?o, mas ainda, dentro
da regi?o de interesse. A an?lise dos resultados permitiu demonstrar a viabilidade da
incorpora??o do res?duo em at? 30% nas argilas, para fabrica??o de blocos
cer?micos e tijolos maci?os utilizados em alvenaria de veda??o. / Stone dust is a residue resulting from the processing of rocks for obtaining
gravel used in civil construction, most commonly in concrete. It is generated in the
order of 10% to 15% of the total volume of the stone employed and is typically
deposited throughout and around the area of the mining company. The objective of
this study was to develop and ceramic blocks and bricks utilizing raw materials
readily available in region of Eun?polis, extreme south of Bahia, with the addition of
this residue to the red clay. Consequently, it aims to provide a suitable end-use for
the residue, at the same time preserving deposits of clay in the region by reducing
the environmental impact caused by their exploitation. The ceramic masses were
formulated following a mixture-planning technique through the use of the Statistic
software. The total percentages of residue used in the mass were of between 15%
and 30%, as defined by the software on the stipulation of a 30% ceiling on the
residue used in the mass. In a metal matrix, 60x20x5 mm3 test samples were created
and then pressed uni-axially at a pressure of 25 MPa. The firing was performed at
temperatures of 825?C, 925?c and 1025?C, with concordant heating rates of 1?C/min,
8?C/min and 15?C/min and an established time limit of 180 minutes at the maximum
temperature. Characteristics of the raw materials and resultant masses were
measured through testing of granulometry, Atterberg limits, X-ray fluorescence
(XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical
microscopy (OM), thermos-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and exploratory differential
scanning calorimetry (DSC). The physical properties measured were determined
water absorption, linear retraction, porosity, resistance to flexion and apparent
specific mass. Additionally, the behavior of ceramic mass in regards to extrusion of
the ceramic blocks using a laboratory extruder was analyzed, determining its
resistance to compression (Rc) and water absorption (AA). Effectiveness of the
mixture formulation was confirmed by performing the same physical and mechanical
testing on a new formulation with different percentages than those used for obtaining
the regression model, though still within the targeted range. Analysis of the results
demonstrated the viability of incorporating the residue in masses, in quantities of up
to 30%, for the manufacture of solid ceramic blocks and bricks used in masonry.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/24351 |
| Date | 28 June 2016 |
| Creators | Reis, Edmilson Pedreira dos |
| Contributors | 05012180410, Silva, Angelus Giuseppe Pereira da, 30814111491, Silva, Ariadne de Souza, 00735940401, Oliveira, Leiliane Alves de, 01081015411, Dutra, Ricardo Peixoto Suassuna, 91875838449, Gomes, Uilame Umbelino |
| Publisher | PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM CI?NCIA E ENGENHARIA DE MATERIAIS, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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