<p> This study examined secondary data that originated from Kaiser Permanente's Multidimensional Chronic Pain Treatment Program and focuses on <b>”primary social support”</b> and its significance in predicting chronic pain outcomes. <b>Primary social support</b> refers to the support derived from the one person whom the participant feels is his/her main supporter (i.e., a spouse, friend, neighbor, etc.). This study divides <b>primary social support</b> into four subcategories: general social support (PreSS), emotional support (PreEM), instrumental support (PreIN), and <b>negative reactions</b> (PreNeg). The hypotheses in this study predict that each <b>social support subcategory</b> can predict post-treatment pain severity (PostPain). Four hundred twenty five participants from four Kaiser Permanente hospitals participated in a <b></b>Multidimensional Chronic Pain Treatment Program<b></b>. Of the 425 participants, the scores of 196 participants with moderate to severe pain and impairment were eligible for data analysis. The treatment program consisted of a 10-week, 2.5 to 3-hour structured group intervention, with the goal of improving functioning, activity levels, coping skills, and overall emotional well-being (Bertagnolli, 2001). The participants completed the <b>West Haven Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory (WHY-MPI)</b> at both the start and end of treatment. Through hierarchical linear regression analyses, <b>negative reactions</b> were found to significantly predict an increase of post-treatment pain scores. Meanwhile, general social support, emotional support and instrumental support were not significant in predicting post-treatment pain scores. These findings may guide future research of social support within a <b>Multidimensional Chronic Pain Treatment Program</b>.</p>
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:PROQUEST/oai:pqdtoai.proquest.com:3594891 |
| Date | 01 November 2013 |
| Creators | Bausch, Devon |
| Publisher | Alliant International University |
| Source Sets | ProQuest.com |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | thesis |
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