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Previous issue date: 2013-08-30 / The existence of inequalities among the Brazilian regions is an indeed fact along the country s
history. Before this reality the constitutional legislator inserted into the Federal Constitution
of 1988, as a purpose of the Federative Republic of Brazil, the reduction of regional
inequalities. The development has also been included as a purpose from the State, because
there is an straight relation with the reduction of regional inequalities. In both situations is
searched the improvement of people s living conditions. . In pursuit of this achievement, the
State must implement public policy, and, for this to happen, it needs the ingress of income
inside of the public coffers and support of economic agents, therefore the importance of
constitucionalization of the economic policy. The 1988 s Constitution adopted a rational
capitalism regime consentaneous with current legal and social conceptions, that s why it
enabled the State s intervention into economy to correct the so-called market failures or to
make the established objectives fulfilled. About this last one, the intervention may happen by
induction through the adoption of regulatory Standards of incentive or disincentive of
economic activity. Among the possible inductive ways there are the tax assessments that aim
to stimulate the economic agents behavior in view of finding that the development doesn t
occur with the same intensity in all of the country s regions. Inside this context there are the
Export Processing Zones (EPZs) which are special areas with different customs regime by
the granting of benefits to the companies that are installed there. The EPZs have been used,
by several countries, in order to develop certain regions, and economic indicators show that
they promoted economic and social changes in the places where they are installed, especially
because, by attracting companies, they provide job creation, industrialization and increased
exports. In Brazil, they can contribute decisively to overcome major obstacles or decrease the
attraction of economic agents and economic development of the country. In the case of an
instrument known to be effective to achieve the goals established by the Constitution, it is
duty of the Executive to push for the law that governs this customs regime is effectively
applied. If the Executive doesn t fulfill this duty, incurs into unjustifiable omission, correction
likely by the Judiciary, whose mission is to prevent acts or omissions contrary to
constitutional order / A exist?ncia de desigualdades entre as regi?es brasileiras ? um fato presente ao longo da
hist?ria do pa?s. Diante dessa realidade, o legislador constituinte inseriu na Constitui??o
Federal de 1988, como objetivo da Rep?blica Federativa do Brasil, a redu??o das
desigualdades regionais. O desenvolvimento tamb?m foi inclu?do com objetivo do Estado,
pois tem direta rela??o com a redu??o das desigualdades regionais. Em ambos os casos o que
se pretende ? a melhoria das condi??es de vida das pessoas. Nessa busca, o Estado deve
implementar pol?ticas p?blicas, e, para isso, necessita do ingresso de receitas em seus cofres e
do aux?lio dos agentes econ?micos, da? a import?ncia da constitucionaliza??o da Ordem
Econ?mica. A Constitui??o de 1988 adotou o regime do capitalismo racional, consent?neo
com as atuais concep??es jur?dicas e sociais, por isso possibilitou a interven??o do Estado na
economia para corrigir as chamadas falhas de mercado ou para que sejam cumpridos os
objetivos estabelecidos. Nesse ?ltimo caso, a interven??o pode ser feita por indu??o, atrav?s
da ado??o de normas regulat?rias de estimulo ou de desest?mulo da atividade econ?mica.
Entre as medidas indutivas poss?veis, est?o os incentivos fiscais, que visam estimular
comportamentos dos agentes econ?micos, tendo em vista a constata??o de que o
desenvolvimento n?o ocorre com a mesma intensidade em todas as regi?es pa?s. Nesse
contexto, est?o as Zonas de Processamento de Exporta??o (ZPE s), que s?o ?reas especiais
com regime aduaneiro diferenciado pela concess?o de benef?cios as empresas nelas instaladas.
As ZPE s t?m sido utilizadas por diversos pa?ses com o objetivo de desenvolver determinadas
regi?es, e os indicadores econ?micos demonstram que elas promoveram mudan?as
econ?micas e sociais nos lugares onde est?o instaladas, especialmente porque, com a atra??o
de empresas, proporcionam a gera??o de empregos, a industrializa??o e o aumento das
exporta??es. No Brasil, podem contribuir decisivamente para a supera??o ou diminui??o dos
principais obst?culos a atra??o dos agentes econ?micos e ao desenvolvimento econ?mico do
pa?s. Em se tratando de um instrumento reconhecidamente eficaz para o cumprimento dos
objetivos estabelecidos pela Constitui??o, ? dever do Poder Executivo diligenciar para que a
lei que disciplina esse regime aduaneiro seja efetivamente aplicada. Se n?o cumprir esse
dever, incorre em omiss?o injustific?vel, pass?vel corre??o pelo Poder Judici?rio, que tem a
miss?o de impedir a??es ou omiss?es contr?rias a Ordem constitucional / 2020-01-01
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/13971 |
| Date | 30 August 2013 |
| Creators | Vieira, Edmar Eduardo de Moura |
| Contributors | CPF:94196834434, http://lattes.cnpq.br/3456431841933671, Fran?a, Vladimir da Rocha, CPF:93693320410, http://lattes.cnpq.br/5120480321290362, Bucci, Maria Paula Dallari, CPF:10376922842, http://lattes.cnpq.br/5277262878389044, Mendon?a, Fabiano Andr? de Souza |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Direito, UFRN, BR, Constitui??o e Garantias de Direitos |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess |
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