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Previous issue date: 2015-11-30 / Extracts obtained from natural products have attracted the interest of
pharmacological sector due to the chemical and biological properties. Therefore, in
this work were studied the chromenes (precocene I and II) extraction processes,
steam distillation and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), from Ageratum conyzoides
L. Essential oil was extracted by saturated steam at 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 bar and the
supercritical fluid extractions were performed at 40?C and 90, 120, 150, and 200 bar
to obtain non-volatile extracts. The essential oils were analyzed by gas
chromatography/mass spectroscopy while the non-volatile extracts composition was
determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The essential oil presented
two major compounds, precocene I (28.24 ? 2.64%) and precocene II (28.55 ?
2.08%). At 90 bar, the SFE resulted in higher yield and selectivity for precocene I and
II, which represent 65.06% of extract. It was observed that the yield of chromenes
varies according to pressure of SFE, however this behavior was not observed in the
extracts obtained by steam distillation. A mathematical model was also used to
simulate the processes and a good correlation was attained with the experimental
data. / Extratos obtidos a partir de produtos naturais t?m atra?do o interesse do setor
farmacol?gico devido ?s propriedades qu?micas e biol?gicas. Portanto, neste
trabalho foram estudados os processos de extra??o de cromenos (precoceno I e II),
destila??o a vapor e extra??o com fluido supercr?tico (SFE), a partir de Ageratum
conyzoides L. O ?leo essencial foi extra?do por vapor saturado a 1,0, 1,5, e 2,0 bar e
as extra??es com fluido supercr?tico foram realizadas a 40?C e 90, 120, 150, e 200
bar para obter extratos n?o vol?teis. Os ?leos essenciais foram analisados por
cromatografia gasosa e espectroscopia de massa, enquanto que a composi??o dos
n?o-vol?teis extratos foi determinada por cromatografia l?quida de alta efici?ncia. O
?leo essencial apresentou dois compostos principais, precoceno I (28,24 ? 2,64%) e
precoceno II (28,55 ? 2,08%). A 90 bar, a SFE resultou em maior rendimento e
seletividade para os precoceno I e II, que representaram 65,06% do extrato.
Observou-se que o rendimento de cromenos varia de acordo com a press?o da SFE,
no entanto, isto n?o foi observado nos extratos obtidos por meio de destila??o a
vapor. Um modelo matem?tico tamb?m foi usado para simular os processos e uma
boa correla??o foi obtida com os dados experimentais.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:tede2.pucrs.br:tede/6545 |
| Date | 30 November 2015 |
| Creators | Almeida, Patr?cia Carvalho |
| Contributors | Vargas, Rubem Mario Figueiro |
| Publisher | Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Engenharia e Tecnologia de Materiais, PUCRS, Brasil, Faculdade de Engenharia |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS, instname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, instacron:PUC_RS |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | -7432719344215120122, 600, 600, 600, -655770572761439785, 4518971056484826825 |
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