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Previous issue date: 2004-09-02 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The extraction with pressurized fluids has become an attractive process for the extraction of essential oils, mainly due the specific characteristics of the fluids near the critical region. This work presents results of the extraction process of the essential oil of Cymbopogon winterianus J. with CO2 under high pressures. The effect of the following variables was evaluated: solvent flow rate (from 0.37 to 1.5 g CO2/min), pressure (66.7 and 75 bar) and temperature (8, 10, 15, 20 and 25 ?C) on the extraction kinetics and the total yield of the process, as well as in the solubility and composition of the C. winterianus essential oil. The experimental apparatus consisted of an extractor of fixed bed and the dynamic method was adopted for the calculation of the oil solubility. Extractions were also accomplished by conventional techniques (steam and organic solvent extraction). The determination and identification of extract composition were done by gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The extract composition varied in function of the studied operational conditions and also related to the used extraction method. The main components obtained in the CO2 extraction were elemol, geraniol, citronellol and citronellal. For the steam extraction were the citronellal, citronellol and geraniol and for the organic solvent extraction were the azulene and the hexadecane. The most yield values (2.76%) and oil solubility (2.49x10-2 g oil/ g CO2) were obtained through the CO2 extraction in the operational conditions of T = 10?C, P = 66.7 bar and solvent flow rate 0.85 g CO2/min / A extra??o com fluidos pressurizados tem-se tornado um processo de separa??o atrativo para a extra??o de ?leos essenciais, devido ?s caracter?sticas que estes fluidos apresentam quando se encontram pr?ximos da regi?o cr?tica. Este trabalho apresenta resultados do processo de extra??o do ?leo essencial de Cymbopogon winterianus J. com CO2 sob altas press?es. Foi avaliado o efeito das vari?veis: vaz?o de solvente (0,37 a 1,5 g CO2/min), press?o (66,7 e 75 bar) e temperatura (8, 10, 15, 20 e 25 ?C) sobre a cin?tica de extra??o e o rendimento total do processo, como tamb?m na solubilidade e composi??o do ?leo de C. winterianus. O aparato experimental consistiu de um extrator de leito fixo e foi adotado o m?todo din?mico para o c?lculo da solubilidade do ?leo. Tamb?m foram realizadas extra??es por t?cnicas convencionais (extra??o a vapor e com solvente org?nico). A determina??o da composi??o e identifica??o dos extratos foi feita atrav?s de cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrometria de massas (CG EM). A composi??o do extrato variou em fun??o das condi??es operacionais estudadas e tamb?m com rela??o ao m?todo de extra??o empregado. Os principais componentes obtidos na extra??o por CO2 foram: elemol, geraniol, citronelol e citronelal. Para a extra??o a vapor foram o citronelal, citronelol e geraniol, j? para a extra??o por solvente org?nico foram o azuleno e o hexadecano. Os maiores valores de rendimento (2,76%) e solubilidade do ?leo (2,49x10-2 g ?leo/ g CO2) foram obtidos para extra??o por CO2 nas condi??es operacionais de T = 10?C, P = 66,7 bar e vaz?o 0,85 g CO2/min
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/15757 |
| Date | 02 September 2004 |
| Creators | Galv?o, Elis?ngela Lopes |
| Contributors | CPF:29171156453, http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4787769D1, Santana, Hosiberto Batista de, CPF:55184820434, http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4796950P7, Chiavone Filho, Osvaldo, CPF:08580772800, http://lattes.cnpq.br/2621516646153655, Silva, Gabriel Francisco da, CPF:28837517491, http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4782708P2, Sousa, Elisa Maria Bittencourt Dutra de |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Engenharia Qu?mica, UFRN, BR, Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Regionais |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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