As dislipidemias são importantes fatores de risco para desenvolvimento de Doenças Cardiovasculares (DCV) comprovado através de grandes estudos observacionais. Estudos demonstraram que a prescrição regular de hipolipemiantes (estatinas e fibratos) pode reduzir a ocorrência de eventos cardiovasculares e diminuir a mortalidade. Objetivou-se realizar uma análise econômica e a influência de atorvastatina, sinvastatina, bezafibrato e ciprofibrato sobre a morbimortalidade cardiovascular em indivíduos que fizeram uso destes medicamentos em 2007 dispensados no Programa de Medicamentos Excepcionais do Ministério da Saúde distribuídos pela Farmácia Ambulatorial do Hospital das Clínicas da FMRP-USP. Trata-se de um estudo observacional, descritivo e de caráter transversal. A casuística foi composta por 332 (31,11%) indivíduos sorteados aleatoriamente dentre 1067 pacientes (erro padrão de 5%), de ambos os sexos, encaminhados pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e consultórios particulares. Os indivíduos selecionados foram submetidos a uma entrevista e seus prontuários médicos analisados. Dos 310 pacientes entrevistados, 157 (51%) eram do sexo masculino. A faixa etária variou de 15 a 63 anos (X= 62,0 ± 12,23). Constatou-se 5 óbitos em 2007, sendo 100% do sexo masculino, com idade variando de 57 a 74 anos (X= 68,2 ± 6,95). 227 (73,22%) pacientes fizeram uso de estatinas, 54 (17,42%) de fibratos e 31 (10%) controles (sem uso de medicamentos). De 246 (79,35%) indivíduos analisados, a média do índice de massa corpórea (IMC) foi >28,7 Kg/m2; 121 (39%) pacientes fizeram uso de sinvastatina, 104 (34%) atorvastatina, 25 (8%) ciprofibrato, 29 (9%) bezafibrato. O perfil lipídico apresentou-se mais elevado no grupo atorvastatina e bezafibrato. Em relação aos eventos e/ou procedimentos, houve um total de 253. 132 (52,17%) pacientes apresentaram aterosclerose documentada, 60 (23,71%), angina pectoris, 28 (11,47%) insuficiência cardíaca, 6 (2,44%) infarto agudo do miocárdio, 6 (2,44%) aneurisma arterial e 4 (1,62%) acidente vascular encefálico. Quanto aos procedimentos, constatou-se a realização de 11 cateterismos cardíacos e 7 angioplastias. Quanto à análise econômica, o tratamento do grupo atorvastatina apresentou o maior custo (R$994,69 paciente/ano), já no grupo da sinvastatina (R$337,61 paciente/ano) houve maiores gastos com exames laboratoriais e complementares. Entre o grupo dos fibratos não houve diferenças importantes com relação ao custo do tratamento. Conclui-se que entre os indivíduos estudados, prevaleceu a população idosa, maior número de óbitos no sexo masculino; houve a prevalência de sobrepeso/obesidade (IMC > 25 kg/m2); aterosclerose documentada e angina pectoris foram os eventos cardiovasculares predominantes e o cateterismo cardíaco o procedimento mais realizado. O tratamento com atorvastatina foi o mais oneroso, entretanto, seus pacientes apresentaram menor ocorrência de eventos e procedimentos cardiovasculares, além do menor custo com exames laboratoriais. / Dyslipidemias are a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Several studies have shown that regular prescribing of lipid-lowering drugs (statins and fibrates) can reduce cardiovascular events and decrease overall mortality. The objectives of this study were to perform a economic analysis and the influence of atorvastatin, simvastatin, bezafibrate or ciprofibrate on the cardiovascular morbimortality in individuals who used these drugs during the year of 2007, dispensed by the Outpatient Pharmacy of Clinical Hospital of FMRP-USP according to the Exceptional Medicines Program of Ministry of Health. This is an observational and descriptive study of transversal character. The sample was composed of 332 (31,11%) individuals, randomly selected among 1067 patients (standard error of 5%), of both sexes, living in Ribeirão Preto-SP conveyed by the Single System of Health (SUS) and private clinics. Individuals were submitted to an interview and had their medical records examined. Among the 310 patients interviewed, 157 (51%) were males with ages ranging from 15 to 63 years old (X= 62,0 ± 12,23). Five deaths were reported in 2007, and of those patients, 100% were males, with ages ranging from 57 to 74 years old (X= 68,2 ± 6,95). 227 (73,22%) patients were using statins, 54 (17,42%) fibrates and 31 (10%) controls (no use of drugs). The average of body mass index (BMI) of 246 (79,35%) patients evaluated was above 28,7 Kg/m2; 121 (39%) patients were using simvastatin, 104 (34%) atorvastatin, 25 (8%) ciprofibrate and 29 (9%) bezafibrate. The lipid profile was more elevated in atorvastatin and bezafibrate groups. A total of 253 events and/or procedures were found. 132 (52,17%) patients had atherosclerosis documented, 60 (23,71%) angina pectoris, 28 (11,47%) heart failure, 6 (2,44%) acute myocardial infarction, 6 (2,44%) arterial aneurysm, 4 (1,62%) vascular brain accident. Regarding the procedures, 11 cardiac catheterism and 7 angioplasties were verified. Regarding the economic analysis, atorvastatin treatment group showed to be the most expensive one (R$ 994,69 patient/year). For the simvastatin group (R$337,61 patient/year), there were increased costs for lab and complementary tests, while among the group of fibrates there were no substantial differences in the cost of treatments. It is concluded that among the evaluated individuals, there was a prevalence of elderly people, deaths of male patients and overweight (BMI > 25kg/m2). The presence of atherosclerosis and angina pectoris were the predominant cardiovascular events and the cardiac catheterism procedure was the most performed. Although treatment with atorvastatin was the most expensive, patients in that treatment had a lower incidence of cardiovascular events and procedures, and lower costs with lab and complementary tests.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:teses.usp.br:tde-26012011-110940 |
| Date | 12 November 2010 |
| Creators | Ana Paula Zambuzi Cardoso Marsola |
| Contributors | Evandro José Cesarino, Harnôldo Colares Coêlho, Alexandre Chibebe Nicolella |
| Publisher | Universidade de São Paulo, Biociências Aplicadas à Farmácia, USP, BR |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP, instname:Universidade de São Paulo, instacron:USP |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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