<p>This dissertation investigates colonial and postcolonial practices of cultural representations in Namibia. The state sponsored Annual National Culture Festival in Namibia was studied with a specific focus on the Kavango Region in northeastern Namibia. I was particularly interested in how cultural representations are produced by the nation-state and local people in a post-colonial African context of nation-building and national reconciliation, by bringing visions of cosmopolitanism and modernity into critical dialogue with its colonial past. During the apartheid era, the South African administration encouraged the inhabitants of its &bdquo / Native Homelandsâ to engage in &bdquo / culturalâ activities aimed at preserving their traditional cultures and fostering a sense of distinct cultural identity among each of Namibiaâs officially recognized &bdquo / ethnic groupsâ. This policy was in line with the logic of South African colonial apartheid rule of Namibia, which relied upon the  / emphasis of ethnic differences, in order to support the idea that the territory was inhabited by a collection of &bdquo / tribesâ requiring a central white government to oversee their development. The colonial administration resorted to concepts of &bdquo / traditionâ and &bdquo / cultural heritageâ in order to construct Africans as members of distinct, bounded communities (&bdquo / tribesâ) attached to specific  / localities or &bdquo / homelandsâ. My central argument is that since Namibian independence in 1990, the postcolonial nation-state has placed emphasis on cultural pride in new ways, and on  / identifying characteristics of &bdquo / Namibian-nessâ. This has led to the institution of cultural festivals, which have since 1995 held all over the country with an expressed emphasis on the notion of &bdquo / Unity in  / Diversityâ. These cultural festivals are largely performances and cultural competitions that range from lang-arm dance, and &bdquo / traditionalâ dances, displays of &bdquo / traditionalâ foodstuffs and dramatized representations. The ethnographic study shows that while the performers represent diversity through dance and other forms of cultural exhibition, the importance of belonging to the nation and a  / larger constituency is simultaneously highlighted. However, as the study demonstrates, the festivals are also spaces where local populations engage in negotiations with the nation-state and contest regional forms of belonging. The study shows how a practice which was considered to be a &bdquo / colonial representationâ of the &bdquo / otherâ has been reinvented with new meanings in postcolonial Namibia. The study demonstrates through an analysis of cultural representations such as song, dances and drama that the festival creates a space in which &bdquo / social interactionâ takes place between participants, spectators and officials who organize the event as social capital of associational life.</p>
Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:UNWC/oai:UWC_ETD:http%3A%2F%2Fetd.uwc.ac.za%2Findex.php%3Fmodule%3Detd%26action%3Dviewtitle%26id%3Dgen8Srv25Nme4_3275_1363169299 |
Date | January 2011 |
Creators | Akuupa, Michael Uusiku |
Source Sets | Univ. of Western Cape |
Language | English |
Detected Language | English |
Type | Thesis and dissertation |
Format | |
Coverage | ZA |
Rights | Copyright: University of the Western Cape |
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