Wireless sensor network (WSN) technology has gained in importance due to its potential support for a wide range of applications. Most of the WSN applications consist of a large number of distributed nodes that work together to achieve common objectives. Running a large number of nodes requires an efficient mechanism to bring them all together in order to form a multi-hop wireless network that can accomplish specific tasks. Even with the recent developments made in WSN technology, a number of important challenges still create vulnerabilities for WSNs, including: energy waste sources; synchronisation leaks; low network capacity; and self-configuration difficulties. However, energy efficiency perhaps remains both the most challenging and highest priority problem due to the scarce energy resources available in sensor nodes. Synchronization by means of scheduling clusters allows the nodes to cooperate and transmit traffic in a scheduled manner under the duty cycle mechanism. This paper aims to make further advances in this area of work by achieving higher accuracy and precision in time synchronisation through controlling the network topology, self-configuration and estimation of the clock errors between the nodes and finally correcting the nodes’ clock to the estimated value. Furthermore, the target in designing energy efficient protocol relies on synchronized duty cycle mechanism and requires a precise synchronisation algorithm that can schedule a group of nodes to cooperate by communicating together in a scheduled manner. These techniques are considered as parameters in the proposed OLS-MAC algorithm. This algorithm has been designed with the objective of ensuring the schedules of the clusters overlap by introducing a small shift in time between the adjacent clusters’ schedules to compensate for the clock drift. The OLS-MAC algorithm is simulated in NS-2 and compared to some S-MAC derived protocols. The simulation results verified that the proposed algorithm outperforms previous protocols in number of performance criterion.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:BRADFORD/oai:bradscholars.brad.ac.uk:10454/10701 |
| Date | 23 October 2015 |
| Creators | Ammar, Ibrahim A.M., Awan, Irfan U., Cullen, Andrea J. |
| Source Sets | Bradford Scholars |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Article, No full-text in the repository |
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