TheWireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) employs thousands of small sensors that communicate
between themselves in a distributed manner using Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols. The
energy required for wireless sensors is obtained from non-rechargeable energy sources. Due to
their small size, wireless sensors are highly constrained in terms of battery energy. Hence, energy
efficiency is considered a key factor in the design of a WSN. MAC protocols play an important role
in the successful operation of WSNs. Energy efficiency can be achieved by introducing some significant
changes that effect the energy consumption at the MAC layer. Existing protocols achieve
energy savings, trading off either latency or throughput. The Sensor Medium Access Control (SMAC)
is one such protocol that identifies a few sources of energy wastage and proposes an adaptive
sleep-and-listen scheme to minimize energy wastage.
This thesis studies the S-MAC protocol and proposes a new one Cluster-Based Energy-Efficient
Medium Access Control (CBMAC), which attempts to increase energy savings by introducing
changes to the existing S-MAC protocol. CBMAC introduces a clustering mechanism, in which
the nodes form clusters and elect a cluster head. The cluster head takes care of data transfer and
synchronization issues, while the cluster nodes are allowed to spend maximum time in the sleep
state. The role of the cluster head is shared among several nodes over time in order to achieve
uniform energy utilization in the network. The energy savings achieved with the CBMAC protocol
are primarily due to the increased sleep-time fraction for cluster nodes. The clustering mechanism
also reduces control overhead, which is prevalent in the S-MAC protocol due to the periodic control
packet exchanges. CBMAC was studied under various topologies, and the results show significant
energy savings over the S-MAC protocol, particularly in low-data-traffic scenarios. / Thesis (M.S.)--Wichita State University, College of Engineering, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:WICHITA/oai:soar.wichita.edu:10057/3734 |
| Date | 12 1900 |
| Creators | Marrapu, Nikhil |
| Contributors | Jaggi, Neeraj |
| Publisher | Wichita State University |
| Source Sets | Wichita State University |
| Language | en_US |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Thesis |
| Format | xiii, 81 leaves, ill. |
| Rights | Copyright Nikhil Marrapu, 2010. All rights reserved |
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