The tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), is one of the most yield- limiting insect pests attacking cotton in the Mid-Southern region of the U.S. This pest is almost exclusively managed with chemical control strategies. The organophosphate insecticide, acephate, has been one of the most important insecticides recommended to control tarnished plant bugs. In recent years, reports of unsatisfactory acephate performance have become common and actual field rates have been increased to improve control. The objective of this study was to survey acephate susceptibility in Louisiana populations of tarnished plant bug using laboratory bioassays and evaluate acephate efficacy in field trials. Insecticide residual on glass (vial tests) bioassays were used to estimate acephate dose mortality responses (LC50s) for five, nine, and six populations during 2007, 2008, and 2009, respectively. The LC50s for these collections ranged from 1.63-32.36 µg/vial. Resistance ratios (RR) were calculated relative to a susceptible standard population (LC50 = 3.1 µg/vial) and ranged from 0.52-10.44 among populations. Field control failures with acephate are likely when RRs >3.0 and when persistent infestations exceed the action threshold for foliar sprays. Twenty field trials were conducted during 2007-2009 to determine acephate performance against native infestations. Five treatments (0[control], and acephate at 0.54, 0.82, 1.1, 1.34 kg AI/ha) were arranged in a Latin square design and were placed in commercial production fields and on LSU AgCenter Research Stations. Acephate efficacy was collected five to seven days after treatment using a one meter black shake sheet. The lowest acephate rate (0.54 kg AI/ha) significantly reduced tarnished plant bugs compared to that in the non-treated plots at 17 locations. However, this rate only reduced numbers below the action threshold in the 2007 trials. During 2008 and 2009, acephate rates of 0.82-1.34 kg AI/ha were needed to adequately control infestations. These results indicate that acephate susceptibility in Louisiana populations of tarnished plant bug is shifting and field performance is decreasing.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:LSU/oai:etd.lsu.edu:etd-04162010-163830 |
| Date | 22 April 2010 |
| Creators | Copes, Josh T |
| Contributors | Ring, Dennis R, Williams, Billy J, Hummel, Natalie, Leonard, Billy Rogers |
| Publisher | LSU |
| Source Sets | Louisiana State University |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | http://etd.lsu.edu/docs/available/etd-04162010-163830/ |
| Rights | unrestricted, I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained and attached herein a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee. I hereby grant to LSU or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below and in appropriate University policies, my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report. |
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