Oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busck), has been a primary pest of peaches for many years throughout the world, and recently it has also emerged as a key pest of apples in the eastern United States. The implementation of the Food Quality Protection Act has eliminated the use of many organophosphate insecticides and encouraged the search for alternatives to organophosphates for control of Oriental fruit moth. Large and small plot studies were conducted to evaluate mating disruption as an alternative control tactic against Oriental fruit moth in North Carolina apple orchards during 2000-2002. The efficacy of Isomate-M 100 pheromone dispensers and microencapsulated sprayable pheromone was compared to insecticide-treated and non-managed orchards. Pheromone trap catches were significantly reduced in mating disruption blocks compared with conventional and non-managed orchards. Pheromone traps placed in the upper canopy captured significantly more moths than traps placed in the lower canopy across all treatments. Male OFM responded optimally to traps baited with 100 µg lures compared with 30 and 300 µg lures regardless of treatment. The loss of OFM pheromone from red rubber septa over a four-wk period exhibited a first-order release rate for septa loaded with 100 and 300 µg pheromone, but a more constant release rate from septa loaded with 30 µg pheromone. Based on pheromone trap captures, there was little difference among rates of sprayable pheromone ranging from 12.4 to 49.1 g (ai)/ha, but efficacy declined at 2.4 g (ai)/ha applied at monthly intervals. The 6.2 g (ai)/ha rate applied at 2-wk intervals was significantly less effective than monthly applications of 12.4 and 24.7 g (ai)/ha. Significantly fewer moths were caught in pheromone traps deployed in blocks treated in late May with Isomate-M 100, Isomate-M Rosso and Isomate-M 100 plus 3M sprayable pheromone compared with traps in conventional insecticide treatments, and Isomate-M 100 applied in late June. Overall, fruit damage by OFM larvae was quite low in mating disruption blocks.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:NCSU/oai:NCSU:etd-07242003-225802 |
| Date | 31 July 2003 |
| Creators | Kovanci, Orkun B |
| Contributors | Coby Schal, George G. Kennedy, Turner B. Sutton, James F. Walgenbach |
| Publisher | NCSU |
| Source Sets | North Carolina State University |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07242003-225802/ |
| Rights | unrestricted, I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained and attached hereto a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee. I hereby grant to NC State University or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below, my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report. |
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