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Previous issue date: 2016-07-27 / A alimenta??o e nutri??o da popula??o brasileira ? complexa e determinada por m?ltiplos fatores que foram sendo modificados ao longo do tempo e distribuem-se de formas diferentes no espa?o geogr?fico brasileiro. Diante disso, esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as modifica??es temporais e espaciais da preval?ncia de excesso de peso, disponibilidade domiciliar de alimentos, inseguran?a alimentar e desenvolvimento social nos diferentes n?veis de agrega??o geogr?ficos brasileiros. Trata-se de um estudo ecol?gico de desenho misto: (1) compreende a an?lise do espa?o, realizada nas 27 unidades da federa??o e nas cinco macrorregi?es do Brasil; e (2) investiga a tend?ncia temporal, a partir de estudos representativos da popula??o brasileira, desenvolvidos pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estat?stica e Programa das Na??es Unidas para o Desenvolvimento, nos per?odos de 1974-2003-2009. Avaliou-se a preval?ncia de excesso de peso, preval?ncia de domic?lios em inseguran?a alimentar, aquisi??o per capita e disponibilidade cal?rica de alimentos por tipo de processamento e o ?ndice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDH). Foram utilizadas an?lises descritivas de frequ?ncia percentual, Compound Annual Rate, an?lise explorat?ria Panel data regression model e an?lise espacial univariada e bivariada, por meio do c?lculo dos ?ndices de Moran Global e Local, respectivamente. Em 2008-2009, foi verificada desigualdade espacial com forma??o de tr?s poss?veis territ?rios: Centro-Sul com alta preval?ncia de excesso de peso, de aquisi??o de ultraprocessados e IDH, e baixa preval?ncia de domic?lios com inseguran?a alimentar e aquisi??o de alimentos minimamente processados; e Norte-Nordeste, com baixa preval?ncia de excesso de peso, aquisi??o de ultraprocessados e IDH e alta preval?ncia de inseguran?a alimentar e aquisi??o de alimentos minimamente processados; e Nordeste Oriental, com altas preval?ncias de excesso de peso, de inseguran?a alimentar, aquisi??o de produtos aliment?cios ultraprocessados e melhores IDH, e baixa aquisi??o de minimamente processados. Entre 1974/2009, foi verificada redu??o na contribui??o anual de alimentos minimamente processados no Brasil (0,86%/
ano), sendo maior no Nordeste (-0,98%/ano) e menor no Centro-Oeste (0,50%/
ano). A disponibilidade cal?rica de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados aumentaram no Brasil (1,09%/ano) e em todas as regi?es com maior acr?scimo no Sul (1,42%/ano) e menor no Sudeste (0,67%/ano). Nesse per?odo, a modifica??o da disponibilidade dessa categoria de alimentos teve associa??o positiva e significativa com embutidos, queijos e outros derivados do leite, bebidas alco?licas, margarina e refei??es prontas e misturas industrializadas (p<0,001). Conclui-se que o excesso de peso se correlacionou ao desenvolvimento social e ? aquisi??o de produtos aliment?cios ultraprocessados no territ?rio brasileiro. O aglomerado espacial Nordeste Oriental sugere a hip?tese da coexist?ncia entre melhorias no IDH em territ?rios de elevada preval?ncia de inseguran?a alimentar, relaciona-se ao crescimento das preval?ncias de excesso de peso. E que a disponibilidade cal?rica de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados cresceu em todas as regi?es do Brasil. / The food and nutrition of the population is complex and determined by multiple factors that have been modified over time and are distributed in different ways in the Brazilian geographical space. This study aimed to evaluate the temporal and spatial changes in the prevalence of overweight, household food availability, food insecurity and social development in different levels of Brazilian geographic aggregation. This is an ecological study of mixed design: (1) comprises the analysis space, held in 27 states and the five geographical regions of Brazil; and (2) comprises the temporal trend research, from studies representative of the population, developed by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics and the United Nations Development Program, in periods of 1974-2003-2009. We evaluated the prevalence of overweight, prevalence of household food insecurity, per capita caloric acquisition and availability of food by type of processing and the Human Development Index (HDI). Descriptive analyzes of percentage frequency were used, Compound Annual Rate, exploratory analysis Panel data regression model, univariate and bivariate spatial analysis, by calculating the global and location Moran index, respectively. In 2008-2009, spatial inequality was observed with formation of three possible areas: South-Central with high prevalence of overweight, acquisition ultra-processed foods and HDI, and low prevalence of food insecurity and acquisition of minimally processed foods; and North-Northeast, with low prevalence of overweight, acquisition ultra-processed foods and HDI and high prevalence of food insecurity and acquisition of minimally processed foods; Eastern Northeast, with high prevalences of overweight, food insecurity, acquisition ultra-processed foods and better HDI and low purchasing minimally processed foods. Between 1974/2009, was the reduction in the annual contribution of minimally processed foods in Brazil (0.86%/year), being higher in the Northeast (-0.98%/year) and lowest in the Midwest (0.50%/year). Caloric availability of processed and ultra-processed foods increased in Brazil (1.09% / year) and in all regions with the highest increase in the South (1.42% / year) and lowest in the Southeast (0.67% / year). During this period, the modification of the availability of this food category had a significant positive association with sausages, cheeses and other dairy products, alcoholic drinks, margarine, ready meals and industrialized mixes (p <0.001). It was concluded that excess weight is correlated to social development and the acquisition of ultra-processed foods in Brazil. The Eastern Northeast spatial clusters suggests the possibility of coexistence between improvements in the HDI and high prevalence of food insecurity, and the growth of overweight prevalence. And that calorie availability of processed and Eastern Northeast grew in all regions of Brazil.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/21929 |
| Date | 27 July 2016 |
| Creators | Vale, Diogo |
| Contributors | 70406030472, Souza, Dyego Leandro Bezerra de, 00902557475, Vianna, Rodrigo Pinheiro de Toledo, 10498178854, Lyra, Clelia de Oliveira |
| Publisher | PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM NUTRI??O, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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