Dietary fatty acids are precursors of the lipid mediator group of compounds termed fatty acid ethanolamides (FAE). Prolonged intake of specific types of dietary fats has been shown to increase FAE levels. However, the short term effects of qualitative dietary fat intake on FAE levels remain understudied. Hence, the objective of this study was to identify the effect of diets containing varying concentrations of n-9 from canola oil (CO) and n-3 fatty acids from DHA rich oil (DRO) on plasma and organ FAE levels after different time points in male Sprague Dawley rats. Sixty-four rats were randomly assigned into four groups and were fed diets containing 40% as energy of either safflower, 95% CO: 5% DRO, 50% CO: 50% DRO and 5% CO: 95% DRO. These diets were consumed within a 2hr window in all groups. Circulating fatty acid and FAE levels were measured at 3, 6, 12 and 24hr within each group. At 3hr, significant differences (p<0.05) in plasma oleoylethanolamide (OEA) levels were seen in the 95% CO group: 5% DRO group and 5% CO group: 95% DRO group as well as between 50% canola oil group: 50% DRO and 5% CO group: 95% DRO. In all dietary groups, palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) levels were not significantly different at 3, 6 and 24hr compared to 0hr, but did at 12hr where the 50% CO:50% DRO group showed significantly lower levels than seen in the 95% CO group, but PEA levels were not different from the 5% canola oil group. Although plasma FAE levels were generally multiple times lower than observed in small intestine, liver or brain, arachidonoylethanolamide (AEA) levels were significantly lower in the 95% DRO group than in the remaining two groups. Plasma docosahexanoylethanolamide (DHEA) showed no difference across all time points except at 24hr where levels were higher (p<0.05) in the 95% DRO group than in the remaining two groups. In liver at 3hr, OEA levels were higher (p<0.05) in the 95% CO group than the groups with lesser concentrations of oleic acid, while liver OEA levels showed no difference at any other time points across dietary groups. LEA levels were higher in 95% CO: 5% DRO group compared to the 5% CO group: 95% DRO group after 3hr of feeding. Liver DHEA levels were observed to be highest in the 5% CO group: 95% DRO group at 3 and 12, but not at 6 or 24hr. The dietary fatty acid composition affects plasma and organ fatty acid profiles in a time dependent manner and also produces time shifts in plasma and organ FAE levels. These dietary induced changes according to time points in the levels of FAEs may translate into discernible changes in energy expenditure and lipid levels which may in turn influence the risk of obesity. / February 2017
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:MANITOBA/oai:mspace.lib.umanitoba.ca:1993/32140 |
| Date | 16 February 2017 |
| Creators | Olatinsu, Oyindamola Anthonia |
| Contributors | Jones, Peter (Human Nutritional Science), Moghadasian, Mohammed (Human Nutritional Science) Beta, Trust (Food and Agricultural Science) |
| Source Sets | University of Manitoba Canada |
| Detected Language | English |
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