<p>Osolike muve predstavljaju veliku familiju dvokrilaca koja u ekosistemu ima važnu ulogu oprašivača biljaka i razlaganja organske materije. One su takođe dobar indikator narušenosti ekosistema. Stoga je poznavanje njihove taksonomije i<br />ekologije od izuzetnog značaja. Jedan od tri najbrojnija roda osolikih muva predstavlja rod <em>Eumerus</em>, čija revizija na Balkanskom poluostrvu je predmet ove disertacije. Balkansko poluostrvo predstavlja izuzetan centar raznovrsnosti živog<br />sveta, između ostalih familija i za osolike muve. Za rod<em> Eumerus</em>, ono je pored Srednje Azije i Južne Afrike, jedan od centara specijacije.Predstavnici roda Eumerus su uglavnom sitnije crne muve, ponekad sa crvenim trbuhom. Karakterišu ih bele poprašene trake na tergitima, dva reda trnova na metafemuru apikoventralno i uvučena gornja spoljašnja poprečna vena na krilu, često sa dva kratka ispusta na ispupčenoj strani, okrenuta ka spolja. Cilj ove disertacije bio je utvrđivanje tačnog broja vrsta na Balkanskom poluostrvu i razrešavanje njihove taksonomije. Kao rezultat, utvrđeno je 44 prisutne vrste na istraživanom području koje su na osnovu morfološke sličnosti podeljene u deset grupa. Tri utvrđene vrste ne pripadaju nijednoj grupi. U toku ovog istraživanja otkriveno je 12 vrsta novih za nauku:<em> E. aurofinis, E. banaticus</em>, in litt., <em>E. <span id="cke_bm_182S" style="display: none;"> </span><span id="cke_bm_185S" style="display: none;"> </span>bicornis</em><span id="cke_bm_185E" style="display: none;"> </span><span id="cke_bm_182E" style="display: none;"> </span>, in<span id="cke_bm_183S" style="display: none;"> </span> litt., <span id="cke_bm_186S" style="display: none;"> </span><em>E. crassus</em><span id="cke_bm_186E" style="display: none;"> </span>, <span id="cke_bm_187S" style="display: none;"> </span><em>E. kar<span id="cke_bm_183E" style="display: none;"> </span>yates</em><span id="cke_bm_187E" style="display: none;"> </span>, in li<span id="cke_bm_188S" style="display: none;"> </span>tt., <em>E. montanum</em>, <em>E. <span id="cke_bm_188E" style="display: none;"> </span> montenegr<span id="cke_bm_184E" style="display: none;"> </span>inus, E. <span id="cke_bm_189E" style="display: none;"> </span>nigrorufus</em>, in litt.<em>, E. phaeacus</em>, in litt., <span id="cke_bm_202S" style="display: none;"> </span><em>E. rubrum, E. tenuitarsis</em><span id="cke_bm_202E" style="display: none;"> </span>, in litt. i<em> E. torsicus.</em> Geometrijska morfometrija krila je d<span id="cke_bm_203E" style="display: none;"> </span>ala odlične rezultate za razdvajanje kriptičnih taksona u okviru roda <em>Eumerus,</em> primenjena na vrstama grupe minotaurus. Utvrđeni su najznačajniji morfološki karakteri za razlikovanje vrsta. Jedan od veoma značajnih rezultata ove disertacije je ključ za identifikaciju vrsta roda<em> Eumerus</em> na Balkanskom poluostrvu. Na osnovu morfološke analize donet je zaključak da tricolor grupa predstavlja morfološki zasebnu taksonomsku celinu sa jasnim indicijama da je njen rang iznad grupe vrsta. Centre diverziteta vrsta roda <em>Eumerus</em> na istraživanom području predstavljaju, prema bogastvu vrsta grčka ostrva Lezbos i Krf i jugoistočni deo Crne Gore uključujući Skadarsko jezero. Na osnovu Šenonovog indeksa diverziteta, područja sa najvećim indeksom su sledeća: ostrva Hios, Lezbos i Krf, zatim Peloponez i veći deo Crne Gore.</p> / <p>Hoverflies represents a large family of Diptera that have in the ecosystem an important role of pollinators and decomposer of organic matter. They are also a good indicator of ecosystem disruption. Therefore, knowledge of their taxonomy and ecology is of great importance. One of the three most numerous genus of hoverflies is the genus<em> Eumerus</em>, whose revision in the Balkan Peninsula is the subject of this dissertation. The Balkan Peninsula is an exceptional center of biodiversity, for hoverflies among other families. For the genus <em> Eumerus</em>, Balkan Peninsula is next to Central Asia and South Africa, one of the centers of speciation. Representatives of the genus Eumerus are mostly small black flies, sometimes with red abdomen. They are characterized by white stripes on the tergites, two rows of spines on the metafemur apico-ventrally and recessed upper outer transverse wing vein. The aim of this dissertation was to determine the number of species on the Balkan Peninsula and to resolve their taxonomy. As a result, 44 species were identified in the investigated area, which are divided into ten groups based on the morphological similarity. The three species identified do not belong to any group. In the course of this study, 12 new species were discovered for the science: <em>E. aurofinis, E. banaticus,</em> in litt., <em>E. bicornis</em>, in litt., <em> E. crassus, E. karyates</em>, in litt., <em>E. montanum, E. montenegrinus, E. nigrorufus,</em> in litt., <em>E. phaeacus</em>, in litt., <em>E. rubrum,</em> <em>E. tenuitarsis</em>, in litt. and <em>E. torsicus</em>. The geometric morphometry of the wings gave excellent results for the separation of cryptic taxons within the genus Eumerus, applied to the species of the minotaurus group. The most important morphological characters for differentiating species were determined. One of the very important results of this dissertation is the identification key for species of the genus <em>Eumerus </em> on the Balkan Peninsula. Based on morphological analysis, conclusion is that the tricolor group represents a morphologically separate taxonomic entity with clear indications that its rank is above a group of species. The centers of diversity of the genus <em> Eumerus</em> in the research area represent, according to the species richness of the Greek island of Lesbos and Corfu and the southeastern part of Montenegro including the Skadar Lake. Based on the Shannon’s Diversity Index, the areas with the highest index are as follows: the islands of Hios, Lesbos and Corfu, then Peloponnese and most of Montenegro.</p>
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:uns.ac.rs/oai:CRISUNS:(BISIS)107291 |
| Date | 27 August 2018 |
| Creators | Grković (Stefanović) Ana |
| Contributors | Radenković Snežana, Vujić Ante, Nedeljković Zorica |
| Publisher | Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet u Novom Sadu, University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences at Novi Sad |
| Source Sets | University of Novi Sad |
| Language | Serbian |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | PhD thesis |
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