A more sustainable society can be accomplished by electrifying the road transportation sector, which the year 2016 emitted 11,9 \% of the global greenhouse emissions. To accelerate this transformation, dynamic charging via electric road systems (ERS) can be implemented, allowing electric vehicles (EV) to become cheaper and achieve lower energy consumption thanks to smaller batteries. The purpose of this thesis is to expand the knowledge of different charging technologies and present, analyze and compare various ERSs. Based on a comprehensive literature study conductive, inductive, and capacitive supply systems are found to be the main charging technologies. After explaining the physics, the dynamic charging systems using these technologies from the side, above, underneath the vehicle, and via the wheels are presented together with my concepts. Analyzing all researched ERSs, the overhead catenary conductive system is most mature but only useful for trucks and buses. Its high efficiency is also found in conductive rail systems which can be used by all EVs but have an impact on the road. A resonant inductive coupling under the vehicle is a very practical system that has a lower impact but also a little lower efficiency, power transfer capability, and is more expensive. Placing the coupling in the wheels results in a more complex system with worse power transfer capability due to the steel belt inside the tyre, but has great development potential. The capacitive coupling in the wheels has also been reviewed and judged to have a low power transfer due to safety reasons of radiofrequency electric fields transmission.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:UPSALLA1/oai:DiVA.org:kth-297511 |
| Date | January 2021 |
| Creators | Schaap, Sam |
| Publisher | KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI) |
| Source Sets | DiVA Archive at Upsalla University |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Student thesis, info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis, text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | TRITA-SCI-GRU ; 2021:83 |
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