本論文關注當代壯族民間使用銅鼓的現況，探討銅鼓作為承載傳統文化之物，在面對中華人民共和國政府非物質文化遺產政策下，如何創造出新的銅鼓使用價值。在比較多個壯族在節慶中使用銅鼓的地點，我以紅水河流域為主，走訪廣西河池市轄下的三縣共七個地點，以多點民族誌的田野調查方法，在春節期間最常使用銅鼓的螞虫另節與其他敲銅鼓的節日中進行田野調查。
我在本研究有四點發現：一、新鼓的製作與販售，使紅水河各持有銅鼓之村寨數量增加，並改變原先使用習慣、分布位置以及存放方式。二、節慶中新鼓、老鼓的使用情況如下：持有老鼓的地區多位處山上；新鼓的使用受到政府政策與經費的影響。銅鼓傳統的儀式性功能在節慶中逐步轉變，造成新、舊銅鼓走向活動用品與文物藏品的分岔路。三、銅鼓的功能性隨著不同地方與時間的移動，促使壯族的宗教與宇宙觀隨之縮減。而當地人口再次外移時，銅鼓的表演性異於過去農耕時的儀式性質。四、政府、地方幹部、麼公、地方人士與媒體五種銅鼓使用者對銅鼓的看法或關係：1.政府跟地方人士對於銅鼓的使用常處於不同的看法。2.地方幹部視銅鼓為權力的象徵或展示品，作為向外界尋求更多資源之物。3.麼公藉由銅鼓維持自己的地位與特殊性。4.部分地方人士視銅鼓為籌碼，擁有聲望與地位的物品，或為賺錢的文化商品。5.政府主導下，致使政府跟媒體對於地方銅鼓使用的看法不同，導致地方人士的聲音被埋沒。 / This study concerns the current situation of bronze drum use in Zhuang society; it concerns drums as a traditional cultural carrier, and in what way drums create new value in the context of the Chinese government’s Intangible Cultural Heritage policy. Looking for locations where bronze drums are used in Zhuang festivals, I chose the Hongshui River watershed and did fieldwork in 7 locations in 3 counties within Guangxi Hechi region. Through multi-sited ethnography, I did fieldwork during the Spring Festival and other festivals in which bronze drums are used.
In this study, I made four important discoveries. First, the production and selling of new drums increase the number of bronze drums stored in each village and also changes people’s habits, the geographic distribution of drums, and the ways in which they are stored. Second, the situation of using new or old drums during festivals is that most old drums are located in mountainous areas, and the use of new drums is influenced by the Chinese government’s policy and subsidies. The drums’ traditional ritual function during festivals in gradually changing to a pattern in which new drums are used for activities and old drums become collectur’s items. Third, Zhuang religion and treditional world view are diminished while the drums’ functionality shifts in pace with place and time. When the local population migrates to the cities, the performance of bronze drums is different from their ritual nature in the past agricultural period. Fourth, the government, local officers, vernacular priests, local people, and the media have five different views in relation to bronze drums, such as: 1. the government and local people have different views about bronze drums; 2. local officers view about bronze drums as the symbol of authority or displays, giving them the jurisdiction to seek more resources to the outside world; 3. vernacular priests utilize bronze drums to maintain their own status and particularity; 4. a fraction of local people treat bronze drums as a bargaining chip to enhance their own prestige and status, or for goods; 5. dominated by the Government, so that the local government with the media have different views about bronze drums, which decreases local people’s voice on bronze drums use.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G1002590091 |
| Creators | 魏弘宜, Wei, Hung Yi |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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