In response to the energy needs of modern society and emerging ecological concerns, the pursuit of novel, low-cost, and environmentally friendly energy conversion and storage systems has raised significant interest. Among various energy conversion and storage systems, fuel cells have become a primary research focus since they convert chemical energy directly into electrical energy with high efficiency and low pollutant emissions. For example, direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), which supply the electrical energy by converting methanol to energy, are an ideal fuel cell system for applications in electric vehicles and electronic portable devices due to their relatively quick start-up, rapid response to catalyst loading, and low operating temperature. However, the wide commercial use of DMFCs in advanced hybrid electric vehicles and electronic portable devices is hampered by their high cost, poor durability, and relatively low energy and power densities. In order to address these problems, their research focuses on the development of highly active electrode catalysts coupled with a suitable electrode structure for the oxidation of methanol at the anode and the reduction of oxygen at the cathode to attain high efficiency of DMFCs, and subsequently lowering the cost. In this dissertation, the fabrication of novel platinum and platinum alloy nanoparticle-loaded carbon nanofibers (CNFs) for use as electrodes in DMFCs is demonstrated through electrospinning, carbonization, and deposition. The resulting CNF-based electrodes possess the properties of high electroactive surface area, good catalytic abilities towards the oxidation of methanol and the reduction of oxygen, and great long-time stability. As a result, DMFCs using these CNFs-supported platinum and platinum alloy nanoparticles as electrodes offer many advantages, such as improved electrocatalytic abilities, long-term stability, easy fabrication, low cost, and environmental benignity. Therefore, this new technology opens up new opportunities to develop high-performance electrode materials in the future for high-performance DMFCs, which are one of the promising power sources for consumer devices and electric vehicles, and play a critical role in solving the worldwide critical energy issue.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:NCSU/oai:NCSU:etd-03312010-171722 |
| Date | 20 April 2010 |
| Creators | Lin, Zhan |
| Contributors | Xiangwu Zhang, Wendy E. Krause, Saad A. Khan, Samuel M. Hudson |
| Publisher | NCSU |
| Source Sets | North Carolina State University |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-03312010-171722/ |
| Rights | unrestricted, I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained and attached hereto a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dis sertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee. I hereby grant to NC State University or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below, my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report. |
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