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Apoptosis in retinal excitotoxicity.

Kwong Man Kwong. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 83-99). / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.i / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.vi / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.vii / LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS --- p.ix / Chapter I. --- ABSTRACT --- p.1 / Chapter II. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.4 / Chapter III. --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.6 / Chapter A. --- EXCITATORY AMINO ACIDS AND EXCITOTOXICITY --- p.6 / Chapter 1. --- GLUTAMATE RECEPTORS --- p.7 / Chapter 2. --- NMDA RECEPTOR --- p.9 / Chapter 3. --- EXCITOTOXICITY --- p.10 / Chapter a. --- ACUTE PHASE --- p.10 / Chapter b. --- DELAYED PHASE --- p.11 / Chapter c. --- MECHANISM --- p.11 / Chapter i) --- Inhibition of Na+,K+-ATPase --- p.12 / Chapter ii) --- Impaired Mitochondrial Calcium Buffering --- p.12 / Chapter iii) --- Perturbation of Cytoskeletal Organisation --- p.13 / Chapter iv) --- Phospholipase Activation --- p.14 / Chapter v) --- Endonuclease Activation --- p.15 / Chapter vi) --- Protein Kinase C Activation --- p.15 / Chapter vii) --- Xanthine Oxidase Activation --- p.16 / Chapter viii) --- Nitric Oxidase Synthase Activation --- p.16 / Chapter B. --- APOPTOSIS --- p.19 / Chapter 1. --- MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES --- p.19 / Chapter 2. --- BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR CHANGES --- p.20 / Chapter 3. --- APOPTOTIC MEDIATORS --- p.21 / Chapter a. --- INTERLEUKIN-1β CONVERTING ENZYME (ICE) --- p.21 / Chapter b. --- ENDONUCLEASE --- p.22 / Chapter c. --- NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE (NOS) --- p.23 / Chapter d. --- POLY(ADP-RIBOSE) POLYMERASE (PARP) --- p.24 / Chapter e. --- CALPAINS --- p.25 / Chapter IV. --- NMDA INDUCED APOPTOSIS IN RAT RETINA --- p.27 / Chapter A. --- RATIONALE --- p.27 / Chapter B. --- MATERIALS AND METHODS --- p.31 / Chapter 1. --- NMDA INDUCED EXCITOTOXICITY --- p.31 / Chapter a. --- INTRAVITREAL INJECTIONS --- p.31 / Chapter b. --- RETINAL GANGLION CELL COUNTS (RGCC) --- p.32 / Chapter i) --- Flat Preparation of Rat Retina --- p.33 / Chapter ii) --- RGCC --- p.33 / Chapter d. --- INNER RETINAL THICKNESS (IRT) --- p.34 / Chapter i. --- Preparation of Epoxyl Specimens --- p.34 / Chapter ii. --- Measurement of IRT --- p.36 / Chapter 2. --- DOSE RESPONSE STUDY OF NMDA --- p.36 / Chapter 3. --- NMDA INDUCED APOPTOSIS IN RAT RETINA --- p.37 / Chapter a. --- GEL ELECTROPHORESIS OF RETINAL DNA --- p.37 / Chapter b. --- HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDIES --- p.39 / Chapter i) --- Light Microscopy --- p.39 / Chapter ii) --- Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin Nick End Labelling (TUNEL) --- p.40 / Chapter iii) --- Electron Microscopy (EM) --- p.41 / Chapter c. --- MORPHOMETRY --- p.41 / Chapter i) --- TUNEL Positive Nuclei --- p.41 / Chapter ii) --- RGCC and IRT --- p.42 / Chapter 4. --- STUDY OF ENZYME INHIBITORS --- p.42 / Chapter C. --- RESULTS --- p.43 / Chapter 1. --- EXCITOTOXICITY IN RAT RETINA --- p.43 / Chapter a. --- RGCC --- p.43 / Chapter b. --- IRT --- p.44 / Chapter 2. --- DOSE DEPENDENT TISSUE RESPONSES AND REGIONAL RESPONSES --- p.44 / Chapter a. --- RGCC --- p.44 / Chapter b. --- IRT --- p.45 / Chapter 3. --- NMDA INDUCED APOPTOSIS IN RAT RETINA --- p.45 / Chapter a. --- RETINAL DNA GEL ELECTROPHORESIS --- p.46 / Chapter b. --- HISTOPATHOLOGY AND TUNEL --- p.46 / Chapter c. --- MORPHOMETRY OF TUNEL AT THE RGCL AND INL --- p.47 / Chapter d. --- TISSUE RESPONSES AT 7 DAYS AFTER INJECTION --- p.48 / Chapter e. --- EM --- p.48 / Chapter i) --- RGCL --- p.48 / Chapter ii) --- INL --- p.48 / Chapter 4. --- ENZYME INHIBITOR STUDY IN NMDA INDUCED EXCITOTOXICITY --- p.49 / Chapter a. --- EFFECT OF VARIOUS ENZYME INHIBITORS ON RGCC --- p.49 / Chapter b. --- EFFECT OF VARIOUS ENZYME INHIBITORS ON IRT --- p.50 / Chapter D. --- DISCUSSION --- p.51 / Chapter 1. --- NMDA INDUCED EXCITOTOXICITY IN RAT RETINA --- p.51 / Chapter 2. --- DOSE DEPENDENT RESPONSES AND REGIONAL RESPONSES --- p.55 / Chapter 3. --- NMDA INDUCED APOPTOSIS IN RAT RETINA --- p.58 / Chapter 4. --- INHIBITOR STUDY --- p.62 / Chapter a. --- ICE --- p.63 / Chapter b. --- ENDONUCLEASE --- p.65 / Chapter c. --- NOS --- p.67 / Chapter d. --- PARP --- p.69 / Chapter e. --- CALPAIN --- p.70 / Chapter V. --- NMDA INDUCED APOPTOSIS IN RABBIT RETINA --- p.72 / Chapter A. --- RATIONALE --- p.72 / Chapter B. --- MATERIALS AND METHODS --- p.73 / Chapter 1. --- INTRAVITREAL INJECTION OF NMDA --- p.73 / Chapter 2. --- HISTOPATHOLOGY AND TUNEL --- p.74 / Chapter 3. --- MORPHOMETRY OF TUNEL --- p.74 / Chapter 4. --- TISSUE RESPONSES AT 7 DAYS AFTER INJECTION --- p.74 / Chapter a. --- RGCC --- p.74 / Chapter b. --- IRT --- p.74 / Chapter 5. --- EM --- p.75 / Chapter C. --- RESULTS --- p.76 / Chapter 1. --- HISTOPATHOLOGY AND TUNEL --- p.76 / Chapter 2. --- MORPHOMETRY OF TUNEL --- p.77 / Chapter 3. --- TISSUE RESPONSES AT 7 DAYS POST INJECTION --- p.78 / Chapter a. --- RGCC --- p.78 / Chapter b. --- IRT --- p.78 / Chapter 4. --- EM --- p.79 / Chapter a. --- RGCL --- p.79 / Chapter b. --- INL --- p.79 / Chapter B. --- DISCUSSION --- p.80 / Chapter VI. --- CONCLUSION --- p.82 / Chapter VII. --- REFERENCES --- p.83 / Chapter VIII. --- FIGURES --- p.100

Identiferoai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_322017
Date January 1997
ContributorsKwong, Man Kwong., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Surgical Sciences.
Source SetsThe Chinese University of Hong Kong
LanguageEnglish
Detected LanguageEnglish
TypeText, bibliography
Formatprint, xi, 128 leaves, [29] leaves of plates : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm.
RightsUse of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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