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Previous issue date: 2010 / Este estudo objetiva avaliar a qualidade das ?guas com base nas condi??es f?sico-qu?micas e nas assembleias zoobent?nicas em um c?rrego chamado ?gua Limpa, localizado no Parque Estadual do Biribiri, Diamantina-MG, no per?odo de mar?o a setembro de 2009. Em um trecho de aproximadamente 4 km, foram escolhidos quatro pontos de coleta, em que as vari?veis f?sico-qu?micas e microbiol?gicas avaliadas foram: temperatura, turbidez, ferro, f?sforo, am?nia, nitrito, nitrato e coliformes fecais. As amostras de ?gua foram coletadas em frascos de vidro, previamente esterilizados, devidamente fechados. Os frascos com as amostras foram mantidos em caixa de isopor com gelo, at? o momento de an?lise. A caracteriza??o, nos diferentes pontos de amostragem, foi realizada de acordo com os limites definidos pela Resolu??o CONAMA 357, de 17 de mar?o de 2005. Para a coleta dos organismos aqu?ticos, cada um dos quatro pontos foi amostrado em tr?s sub?reas replicadas em tr?s pontos distintos, totalizando 144 amostras em duas coletas realizadas em per?odo chuvoso ? mar?o 2009 - e duas em per?odo seco ? agosto 2009. O amostrador utilizado foi um corer de PVC com 3,0 cm de di?metro, por 5 cm de profundidade. As amostras foram colocadas em sacos pl?sticos adicionando-se 500ml de formol a 4% e 125 g de sacarose, etiquetados de acordo com cada ponto de coleta, sub?rea e repeti??o. Os organismos zoobent?nicos foram triados e identificados, com o aux?lio de microsc?pio estereosc?pio e ?ptico, ao menor n?vel taxon?mico poss?vel. As diferen?as nos valores das m?dias dos par?metros f?sico-qu?micos e microbiol?gicos e dos organismos zoobent?nicos obtidas entre pontos e datas de coleta foram testadas estatisticamente atrav?s de an?lise de vari?ncia (ANOVA). Quando a ANOVA mostrou diferen?as significativas ao n?vel de 5%, foi aplicado o Teste Tukey. Foi observado que os pontos 1, 2 e 3 se apresentaram semelhantes quanto ?s condi??es f?sico-qu?micas, por?m, quanto aos coliformes fecais, somente o ponto 1 se enquadrou dentro dos limites permitidos. Os taxons mais expressivos nesses pontos foram Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera e Plecoptera, que s?o mais exigentes quanto ? qualidade ambiental. J? o ponto 4 se destacou com m?dias elevadas de coliformes fecais, f?sforo e turbidez e baixas concentra??es de oxig?nio dissolvido na ?gua. Os grupos resistentes ? elevada contamina??o org?nica foram dominantes nesse local: Oligochaeta, Chironomidae e Hirudinea. O ponto 4 tem contribu?do para a queda da qualidade da ?gua do c?rrego e para agravar processos de eutrofiza??o, extin??o de esp?cies aqu?ticas e veicula??o de doen?as. As assembleias zoobent?nicas mostraram-se eficientes para indicar os n?veis de polui??o existentes no trecho estudado e subsidiar futuros estudos de biomonitoramento. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2010. / ABSTRACT This study aims to evaluate the quality of water based on physical-chemical conditions and in the zoobenthos assemblages in a stream called ?gua Limpa, located in the Parque Estadual do Biribiri, Diamantina-MG in the period from March to September 2009. On a stretch of about 4 km, was chosen four collect points, in that the variable physico-chemical and microbiological parameters were: temperature, turbidity, iron, phosphorus, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate and fecal coliform. The water samples were collected in glass bottles previously sterilized, properly closed. The vials with samples were kept in a Styrofoam box with ice until the time of analysis. The characterization in the different sampling points was conducted in accordance with the limits established by CONAMA Resolution 357 of March 17, 2005. For the collection of aquatic organisms, each of the four points were sampled in three subareas replicated at three different points, totaling 144 samples in two collect carried out in the rainy season - March 2009 - and two in dry season - in August 2009. The sampler used was a PVC corer with 3.0 cm diameter by 5 cm deep. The samples were placed in plastic bags by adding 500ml of 4% formalin and 125 g of sucrose, labeled according to each collection point, subarea and repetition. The zoobenthos organisms were screened and identified with the aid of microscopes and optical at the lowest possible taxonomic level. The differences in mean values of the physical, chemical and microbiological and organisms zoobent?nicos obtained between points and sampling dates were statistically tested using analysis of variance (ANOVA).??When ANOVA showed significant differences at 5%, Tukey test was applied. It was noted that points 1, 2 and 3 are presented as similar to physical-chemical conditions, however, as faecal coliforms, only the point 1 framed within the limits allowed. The most significant taxons such points were Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera, which are more demanding about the environmental quality. But the point 4 stood out with high average fecal coliform, phosphorus and turbidity and low dissolved oxygen in water. The point 4 has contributed to the decline in quality of stream water and exacerbate eutrophication processes, species extinction and propagation of aquatic diseases. The zoobenthos assemblages were effective to indicate levels of pollution occurring in the studied stretch and subsidize future studies of biomonitoring.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:acervo.ufvjm.edu.br/jspui:1/530 |
| Date | 26 February 2010 |
| Creators | Pires, Juliana Rocha de Meira |
| Contributors | Costa, Claudionor Camilo, Fernandes, Jos? Sebasti?o Cunha, Souza, Cl?udio M?rcio Pereira de, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Garraffoni, Andr? Rinaldo Senna |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFVJM, instname:Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, instacron:UFVJM |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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