Our study provided an analysis and comparison of specific blood values, dietary intake, body composition, and inflammatory markers (high sensitivity-C-reactive protein (HS-CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6)) between adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and prediabetes (PDM) to adults without diabetes. A total of 22 participants (PDM/T2DM n=12, controls n=10) in the San Luis Obispo, CA area completed the study prior to our ending recruitment due to Covid-19. Body composition data were collected through DXA scans. Dietary intake was assessed using a 3-day food record survey and nutritional analysis conducted using ESHA food processing software. In addition, participants completed an overnight fast and early morning blood draw for evaluation of blood glucose regulation, blood lipid profile and inflammatory biomarkers. Analysis included a series of randomization tests that were conducted to determine possible statistical differences between the mean of basic characteristics (age, BMI, weight, HbA1C, fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin, triglycerides, LDL, HDL, and total cholesterol levels) of the control group and the PDM/T2DM group. Secondly, 2-way ANOVA statistical analyses were conducted to determine the interaction between sex and diabetes status on caloric intake, macronutrient distribution, quality of fat intake, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and inflammatory biomarkers. We found there was a significant difference in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) between the control group and the PDM/T2DM group. We did not find a statistically significant difference in caloric intake, macronutrient distribution, quality of fat intake, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and inflammatory biomarkers between the PDM/T2DM and control group. Due to the lack of studies that include adults with PDM, we concluded additional future research needs to focus on blood biochemistry values, dietary intake, body composition, and inflammatory markers health-risk factors in both adults with PDM and T2DM since these values can improve diagnosis and treatment of T2DM.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CALPOLY/oai:digitalcommons.calpoly.edu:theses-3989 |
| Date | 01 July 2021 |
| Creators | Nguyen, Sarah Thuytrinh |
| Publisher | DigitalCommons@CalPoly |
| Source Sets | California Polytechnic State University |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | Master's Theses |
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