The state of critically ill patients suffering from polytrauma or sepsis is characterised by pathophysiologic processes, which cause significant changes in an organism on both a local and a systematic level. A stressful situation elicits an acute inflammatory response. This response is primarily meant to be a defence mechanism; however, this mechanism might become harmful to a certain degree. Hormones, cytokines and growth factors are included among the main control mechanisms activated during inflammatory response. A metabolic response to a stressful situation is characterized by an increased turnover of proteins, lipids, and glucose. Clinical consequences may develop as a result of these metabolic responses and include inflammation, anorexia, immobility, increased vascular permeability (which results in edema), vasodilation, tachycardia, and increased cardiac output. There are some key factors which have a negative contribution on an inflammatory response. Those factors may include malnutrition, pre-existing inflammatory activity, severe infection, obesity, ageing, genotype, and finally gender-gene effects, which may also play a role. The development of significant hormonal changes can be typified for critically ill patients. Such changes are particularly connected to catecholamines, thyroid...
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:nusl.cz/oai:invenio.nusl.cz:344988 |
| Date | January 2016 |
| Creators | Kafková, Anežka |
| Contributors | Hronek, Miloslav, Kovařík, Miroslav |
| Source Sets | Czech ETDs |
| Language | Czech |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
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