Le système turbiditique du Var présente la particularité d’être fréquemment parcouru par des écoulements gravitaires. Cela en fait un endroit privilégié pour étudier simultanément les facteurs déclenchant des courants de turbidité, leurs caractéristiques hydrodynamiques, leur contenu particulaire et les dépôts associés. Dans le cadre du projet Européen HERMES (6ème Programme Cadre), nous avons acquis pendant 2 ans dans le canyon du Var et dans la vallée turbiditique (1) des séries temporelles dans la colonne d’eau (30 m et 400 m au dessus du fond) sur la vitesse des courants, la température et le flux particulaire, et (2) des prélèvements répétés par carottage du sédiment de surface (...) / In the framework of the HERMES European project, this study aims to characterize the sedimentary processes acting in the Var turbiditic system, their impact on the morphology, and their evolution through time and space. This work uses data acquired along the system, including interface cores, acoustic data, and measurement in the water column (temperature, particulate fluxes, speed and direction of the currents) thanks to mooring lines. The Var turbiditic system is under the influences of the Northern Current and of the Var river by a direct connection. Sedimentary processes are related to gravity-driven currents, oceanic currents which remobilizes sediments and hemipelagic decantation. Gravity-driven processes are dominant and are responsible of 80% of the mean annual sedimentary transport in the system, at the scale of two years (2005-2007). They are characterized by a mean speed of 100 to 600 mm.s-1 and a mean particulate flux of 10 to more than 400 g.m-2.j-1. The combination of the river discharge data and our in-situ measures allows to discriminate the mechanism responsible of their triggering: mass-wasting or river floods. Hyperpycnal turbidity currents, generated by the plunging of the turbid plume are observed for flood extended to the whole hydrographic system, with a river discharge of more than 306 m.s-1 at the river mouth (...)
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:theses.fr/2009BOR13914 |
| Date | 07 December 2009 |
| Creators | Mas, Virginie |
| Contributors | Bordeaux 1, Mulder, Thierry |
| Source Sets | Dépôt national des thèses électroniques françaises |
| Language | French |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Electronic Thesis or Dissertation, Text |
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