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Previous issue date: 2015 / O caf? ? gr?o composto por uma variedade de subst?ncias, as quais conferem sabor e aroma ? bebida, dentre os quais, podem-se citar prote?nas, carboidratos e lip?dios. Essa fra??o lip?dica, quando extra?da do gr?o de caf? cru, ? utilizada, por exemplo, como emoliente em formula??es farmac?uticas e, quando do gr?o torrado, como aditivos em alimentos, para conferir aroma e sabor. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi o de caracterizar quimicamente e avaliar as atividades antioxidante e antibacteriana dos ?leos extra?dos dos gr?os de caf? cru e torrado. Para isso, os gr?os foram submetidos a uma extra??o em aparato Soxhlet, durante seis horas, utilizando ?ter de petr?leo como solvente extrator. Ap?s o tempo decorrido, evaporou-se o solvente remanescente com nitrog?nio gasoso, obtendo-se os ?leos, que foram acondicionados e armazenados em geladeira at? o memento das an?lises. Observou-se que os gr?os de caf? torrado apresentaram maior teor de ?leo que o gr?o de caf? cru, 26,01% e 4,64 %, respectivamente. Apresentando o primeiro, cheiro e cor caracter?sticos de caf? e, o segundo, uma colora??o verde e cheiro de vegeta??o. As caracter?sticas f?sico-qu?micas avaliadas, mostraram que os ?leos estudados apresentaram resultados compar?veis a outros ?leos convencionais. Com rela??o ao teor de ?cidos graxos, os ?leos obtiveram como majorit?rios, os ?cidos linoleico (C18:2), palm?tico (C16:0) e oleico (C18:1) e, ambos s?o fontes ?cidos graxos insaturados. O ?leo de caf? cru apresentou maior quantidade de fitoester?is totais, sendo que nos dois, a ordem foi ?-sitosterol > estigmasterol > campesterol > brassicasterol. Ao contr?rio, o ?leo de caf? torrado foi o que se mostrou com maior concentra??o de tocofer?is, com predomin?ncia do is?mero ?-tocoferol. O ?leo de caf? cru apresentou maior quantidade de ?-tocoferol. Os compostos fen?licos totais tamb?m foram quantificados, e o ?leo de caf? torrado foi o com maior concentra??o. Com rela??o ? atividade antioxidante, o ?leo de caf? cru foi mais eficiente na captura do radical DPPH, enquanto que o torrado, frente aos m?todos ABTS e FRAP. A atividade antibacteriana evidenciou que, dentre as bact?rias testadas, a P. aeruginosa foi a mais sens?vel frente aos ?leos testados, apresentando halos de inibi??o pelo m?todo de difus?o em ?gar, mas quando analiada, foi resistente aos ?leos. A CIM foi determinada e observou-se que as menores concentra??es foram as que tiveram inibi??o do crescimento bacteriano. Diante do exposto, pode-se concluir que os ?leos de caf? cru e torrado s?o boas fontes de compostos bioativos, e suas composi??es, justificam seus usos nas ind?strias de v?rios segmentos. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Qu?mica, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2015. / ABSTRACT
Coffee beans is composed of a variety of substances, which give flavor and aroma to the drink, among which may be mentioned proteins, carbohydrates and lipids. This lipid fraction, when extracted from raw coffee beans, is used, for example, in pharmaceutical formulations as an emollient and when the roasted grain, as additives in foods for imparting aroma and flavor. The objective of this study was to characterize chemically and evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the oils extracted from raw and roasted coffee beans. To this end, the grains were subjected to a Soxhlet extraction apparatus for six hours using petroleum ether as solvent extractor. After the elapsed time, it evaporates the remaining solvent with nitrogen gas to give oils which were packed and stored in refrigerator until analysis of memento. It has been observed that roasted coffee beans had higher oil content than the raw coffee beans, 26.01% and 4.64%, respectively. Introducing the first and characteristic smell of coffee color, and the second, a green color and smell of vegetation. The physico-chemical characteristics evaluated showed that the oils studied showed results comparable to other conventional oils. With respect to the content of fatty acids, oils obtained as the major, linoleic (C18: 2), palmitic (C16: 0) and oleic (C18: 1), and both are unsaturated fatty acids sources. The green coffee oil showed a higher amount of total phytosterols, and in both, the order was ?-sitosterol> stigmasterol> campesterol> brassicasterol. Rather, the roasted coffee oil was found that with higher concentrations of tocopherols, predominantly ?-tocopherol isomer. The green coffee oil had higher amounts of ?-tocopherol. The phenolic compounds have also been quantified, and the roasted coffee oil was the highest concentration. With respect to the antioxidant activity, the raw coffee oil was more efficient in capturing the DPPH radical, while the roasted, compared to ABTS and FRAP methods. The antibacterial activity showed that among the tested bacteria, P. aeruginosa was the most sensitive against the tested oils, with halos of inhibition by agar diffusion method, but when analiada, was resistant to oils. The MIC was determined and it was observed that lower concentrations were those who had bacterial growth inhibition. Given the above, it can be concluded that raw and roasted coffee oils are good sources of bioactive compounds and their compositions, justify their use in industries of several segments.
Key ? words: Coffea arabica, coffee oils, toco
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:acervo.ufvjm.edu.br/jspui:1/817 |
| Date | 04 August 2015 |
| Creators | Ribeiro, Juliana Martins |
| Contributors | Pinto, N?sia Andrade Villela Dessimoni, Couto, Luiz Carlos, Fid?ncio, Paulo Henrique, Okuma, Adriana Akemi, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Pinto, N?sia Andrade Villela Dessimoni |
| Publisher | UFVJM |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFVJM, instname:Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, instacron:UFVJM |
| Rights | A concess?o da licen?a deste item refere-se ao ? termo de autoriza??o impresso assinado pelo autor, assim como na licen?a Creative Commons, com as seguintes condi??es: Na qualidade de titular dos direitos de autor da publica??o, autorizo a Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri e o IBICT a disponibilizar por meio de seus reposit?rios, sem ressarcimento dos direitos autorais, de acordo com a Lei n? 9610/98, o texto integral da obra disponibilizada, conforme permiss?es assinaladas, para fins de leitura, impress?o e/ou download, a t?tulo de divulga??o da produ??o cient?fica brasileira, e preserva??o, a partir desta data., info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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