This study was designed to measure the prevalence and nutritional impact of dairy product restriction in both pregnant and lactating women. Dairy product (DP) restriction was assessed in 2091 prenatal class attendees. Subsamples of 279 healthy pregnant and 175 exclusively breastfeeding women provided repeat 24-hour dietary recalls which were used to estimate nutrient intake and to assess dietary adequacy using adjusted nutrient distributions. Pregnancy outcome was recorded. Pregnancy. DP restriction was reported by 13.2% (95% CI: 12.7%,14.1%) of pregnant women. Significant differences were found in the proportion of restrictors (Rs, 20.8%) below the calculated EAR for adjusted protein intakes vs. nonrestrictors (NRs, 9.2%, chi 2 = 6.78, p = 0.009). Intake distributions of calcium and vitamin D were compared to their respective Als for descriptive purposes and were lower for Rs vs. NRs but dietary inadequacy could not be assessed. Infants of NRs weighed on average 120 g +/- 468.9 g more than those of Rs but this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.06). However, in multiple regression analysis where maternal weight gain, age, education and pregravid weight were controlled for, restriction predicted a comparable loss in birthweight of 122.5 g's (p = 0.048) and vitamin D intakes were positively associated with fetal growth. Lactation. Restriction (≤250 ml milk/day) was reported by 23% (95% CI; 16%--29%) of exclusively lactating women. Protein was lower than the EAR for 60% of Rs and 37.8% of NRs (chi 2 = 6.22, p = 0.025). The proportion of Rs and NRs < EAR from diet differed for thiamin (15% vs. 0%, chi2 = 0.97, p < 0.001), riboflavin (15% vs. 1.5%, chi2 = 12.93, p < 0.001) and zinc (65.0% vs. 34.8%, chi2 = 11.6, p < 0.041). From diet and supplement intake vitamin D and calcium remained lower for Rs compared to NRs but inadequacy could not be assessed or compared. DP restriction was not associated with greater weight loss amo
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:LACETR/oai:collectionscanada.gc.ca:QMM.84291 |
| Date | January 2004 |
| Creators | Mannion, Cynthia |
| Contributors | Gray-Donald, K. (advisor), Koski, K. G. (advisor) |
| Publisher | McGill University |
| Source Sets | Library and Archives Canada ETDs Repository / Centre d'archives des thèses électroniques de Bibliothèque et Archives Canada |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Electronic Thesis or Dissertation |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Coverage | Doctor of Philosophy (School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition.) |
| Rights | All items in eScholarship@McGill are protected by copyright with all rights reserved unless otherwise indicated. |
| Relation | alephsysno: 002151689, proquestno: AAINQ98320, Theses scanned by UMI/ProQuest. |
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