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Previous issue date: 2017-09-25 / Nos ?ltimos anos, a preocupa??o com a preserva??o do meio ambiente tem incentivado as pesquisas de novos materiais que utilizem mat?rias primas de fontes naturais renov?veis. Neste trabalho, foram produzidos materiais comp?sitos a partir da associa??o da espuma r?gida de poliuretano, derivado do ?leo de mamona, e o p? de macambira (Brom?lia Laciniosa). Produziram-se tr?s composi??es em molde fechado com 5, 10 e 15% em massa do p? de macambira, denominados PU5, PU10 e PU15, al?m da espuma r?gida de poliuretano puro, PU. As espumas r?gidas de PU e seus comp?sitos foram caracterizados fisicamente atrav?s da densidade aparente, absor??o de ?gua e teor de umidade. A morfologia foi observada atrav?s de imagens feitas por micrografia eletr?nica de varredura (MEV). A identifica??o dos principais grupos org?nicos foi poss?vel com a espectroscopia de infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (FTIR). Foram realizados ensaios de compress?o, tra??o, flex?o em tr?s pontos e dureza para avaliar o comportamento mec?nico. Al?m disso, as an?lises de DRX possibilitaram a determina??o da cristalinidade do material. A termogravimetria possibilitou determina??o das temperaturas limite de resist?ncia ? degrada??o t?rmica dos materiais. Par?metros como a capacidade calor?fica, a condutividade, difusividade e resistividade t?rmicas tamb?m foram determinados. Os comp?sitos PU10 e PU15 apresentaram propriedades t?rmicas semelhantes ao poliuretano puro. Isso mostrou que a utiliza??o do p? de macambira como carga nas propor??es de 10 e 15% em massa ? vi?vel, uma vez que, apesar das semelhan?as nas propriedades, as espumas comp?sitos apresentam vantagens do ponto de vista ambiental e econ?mico, pois parte do volume da espuma ? ocupado pelo p? de macambira, um material biodegrad?vel originado de fonte renov?vel. / In recent years, concern for the preservation of the environment has encouraged research into new materials that use raw materials from renewable natural sources. In this work, composite materials were produced from the association of rigid polyurethane foam derived from castor oil and macambira powder (Bromelia Laciniosa). Three compositions in closed mold with 5, 10 and 15% by mass of the macambira powder, denominated PU5, PU10 and PU15, were produced in addition to the rigid polyurethane rigid PU foam. The rigid PU foams and their composites were physically characterized by apparent density, water absorption and moisture content. The morphology was observed through images made by scanning electron micrograph (SEM). The identification of the main organic groups was possible with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Compression, tensile, three point bending and hardness tests were performed to evaluate the mechanical behavior. In addition, the XRD analyzes enabled the determination of the crystallinity of the material. Thermogravimetry allowed the determination of the limiting temperatures of resistance to the thermal degradation of the materials. Parameters such as heat capacity, conductivity, diffusivity and thermal resistivity were also determined. The PU10 and PU15 composites presented thermal properties similar to pure polyurethane. This showed that the use of the macambira powder as a filling in the proportions of 10 and 15% by mass is feasible, because, despite the similarities in properties, the composite foams have advantages from the environmental and economic point of view, since part of the volume of the foam is occupied by the macambira powder, a biodegradable material originating from a renewable source.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/24645 |
| Date | 25 September 2017 |
| Creators | Soeiro, Eduardo Campelo |
| Contributors | 12391085400, Silva J?nior, Dorgival Albertino da, 05131125456, Aquino, Marcos Silva de, 47426632415, Mac?do Neto, Miguel Cabral de, 01103713485, Azevedo, Val?rio Fernandes de, 46804889487, Mendes, Jos? Ubiragi de Lima |
| Publisher | PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM ENGENHARIA MEC?NICA, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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