[pt] A energia fotovoltaica é uma fonte de energia em constante expansão. Apesar de o Brasil possuir índice de irradiação solar superior aos encontrados na maioria dos países europeus, esta é uma fonte pouco explorada em nossa matriz elétrica. O governo federal por intermédio do programa Minha Casa Minha Vida
(MCMV) busca proporcionar a uma ampla parcela da população de baixa renda o acesso à casa própria. Desde seu lançamento foram entregues 2,5 milhões de casas e o governo estima que para os próximos anos serão construídas mais dois milhões de novas moradias. Não há duvida da sinergia que se pode ter em aliar um programa que atenda o déficit habitacional a programas ambientais geradores de energia limpa para complementação ao sistema elétrico brasileiro. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo estimar impacto do potencial de geração de energia obtida caso houvesse a inclusão de um programa de geração de energia fotovoltaica dentro do projeto MCMV. Foram propostos seis cenários da inserção da energia fotovoltaica na operação do sistema que foram comparados com o caso de referência de janeiro de 2018. De maneira geral, a inserção da energia fotovoltaica advinda do Programa MCMV traria benefícios relevantes para o sistema brasileiro, reduzindo o custo da geração, o risco de um possível déficit,
além de contribuir com a sustentabilidade, uma vez que esta fonte de energia é limpa e renovável e contribuiria socialmente para uma parcela da população que não teria dinheiro para investir em energia solar fotovoltaica. / [en] The world seeks new forms to mitigate the dependence of fossil fuels and emissions of effect gases greenhouse. The climatic changes and the possible scarcity of the oil force the search for new forms of energy generation. The solar energy, object of this work, is one of the sources of energy generation in constant expansion, according to the Global Market Outlook for Solar 2016-2020 report. Each country, including Brazil, must by means of iNDC (intended Nationally Determined Contribution) define the policies to be adopted to reduce and to remove the emissions of gases greenhouse (GHG), contributing for the Paris agreement. According to the Brazilian Atlas of Solar Energy (INPE, 2017), although Brazil to possess index of superior solar irradiation to the found ones in the majority of the European countries, it is a power plant little explored, currently in the electrical matrix corresponds only the 0.93 GW, which corresponds, 0.59 percent of all electrical matrix (ANEEL, 2018), but its projection for 2024 indicates to a growth of 7 GW, around 3.3 percent (EPE, 2015b) of all the electrical matrix. Brazil tends to become more competitive in the solar market, since there is the attempt to purify the silicon, here in Brazil, at UNICAMP, that is, avoiding to export raw materials to import after the silicon purified. Parallel to the growth of photovoltaic energy, Brazil has the MCMV program that aims to facilitate the access to the property of the less wealthy
classes of society, the program has since delivered more than 2.5 million homes and estimates the hiring of more two million. The program does not aim at the rational use of the matrix, it is mainly concerned with the issue of housing shortages in the country. Despite, it is glimpsed possibility to include in its target
a program of generation of clean energy for the layers most devoid of the society. This could create a program of popular dwelling with environmentally sustainable lines of direction. Probably, one of the reasons for not including issues related to the generation of clean energy in the Minha Casa Minha Vida dwellings is the usual thinking that such an element could excessively burden the construction costs, and may even increasing the costs of access to housing and maybe distort the program. Although housing may have its costs increased at an early stage, it should not be overlooked that such initial costs may be ignored in the long term by the economy derived from the use of solar energy, in addition to estimating the impact of that generation on the expansion of the Brazilian electric system.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:puc-rio.br/oai:MAXWELL.puc-rio.br:36097 |
| Date | 14 January 2019 |
| Creators | BRUNO GOMES MANSUR |
| Contributors | RODRIGO FLORA CALILI, RODRIGO FLORA CALILI, RODRIGO FLORA CALILI |
| Publisher | MAXWELL |
| Source Sets | PUC Rio |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | TEXTO |
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