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Previous issue date: 2016-02-22 / The expansion of the urban area in the city of Matola in Mozambique has been significant in recent decades and it has happened in an unstructured way. This occupation contributes to the destruction of both the ecological and environmental structure of the city. One of the strategies to minimize these effects is to consider the legislation, concerning the urban land use and the preservation / conservation of vegetation, as well as the preparation of the Environmental Zoning. The main objective was, to propose an Environmental Zoning based on the analysis of urban sprawl and its impact on the environment, the distribution of vegetation over a period of 17 years (1997-2014) and the legislation to contribute with elements that inform and enable the development of urban and environmental planning in the municipality of Matola. Three satellite images from TM / Landsat 5 and OLI / Landsat 8 orbital sensor, SRTM data, population data and digital database of the city/country were utilized as input data. It was employed visual interpretation, images segmentations digital classification and geoprocessing technics. Results, indicated that urban area increased about 180.964m2, corresponding to 254.91% between 1997 and 2014.
The area of vegetation cover reduced to 118.74m2 (52.62%) in 17 years. The Vegetation Cover Index (VCI) for total mapped area, reduced from, 61.25% in 1997, to 39.65% in 2007 and 29.02% in 2014. However, the detailed study of the VCI to different neighborhoods of Matola, showed a very uneven spatial distribution. The Environmental Zoning proposed, was made by integrating several information?s plans (thematic maps) and features five zones, namely: (i) Total Conservation Zone; (ii) Sustainable Use Conservation Zone; (iii) Expansion Urban Zone; (iv) Environmental Control Zone and (v) Recovery Zone. Has also proposed the creation of three protected areas located in the Total Conservation Zone: (i) Integral Natural Reserve, (ii) Natural Monument and (iii) Permanent Protection Green Area. This research will be important to municipal management and will serve as a basis for preparing the next general and partial urbanization plans and Matola Master Plan 2019/2020, achieving the objectives of the Environmental Strategy for Sustainable Development of Mozambique (2007 - 2017) and the objectives of Agenda 2030 of the UN. / A expans?o da macha urbana no Munic?pio da Matola em Mo?ambique tem sido significante nas ?ltimas d?cadas e ? feita de forma n?o estruturada. Esta forma de ocupa??o do espa?o contribui para a destrui??o da sua estrutura ecol?gica e ambiental. Uma das estrat?gias para minimizar esses efeitos ? levar em considera??o a legisla??o, concernente ? ocupa??o do solo urbano e ? preserva??o/conserva??o da cobertura vegetal, assim como a elabora??o do Zoneamento Ambiental. A pesquisa tem como objetivo elaborar uma proposta de
Zoneamento Ambiental a partir da an?lise da expans?o urbana, da distribui??o da cobertura vegetal em um per?odo de 17 anos (1997 - 2014) e da legisla??o, de forma a contribuir com elementos que informem ou possibilitem a elabora??o dos planejamentos urbano e ambiental do Munic?pio da Matola. Foram usadas tr?s imagens dos sensores orbitais TM/Landsat 5 e OLI/Landsat 8, dados SRTM, dados
populacionais e a base de dados cartogr?fica digital do Munic?pio/Pa?s.
Empregaram-se t?cnicas de interpreta??o visual, de segmenta??o, de classifica??o de imagens e de geoprocessamento. Dos resultados, a ?rea urbana aumentou cerca de 180,964m2, o que corresponde a 254,91% em rela??o ao ano de 1997. A ?rea da cobertura vegetal reduziu 118,74m2 (52,62%) em 17 anos. Verificou-se redu??o do ?ndice de Cobertura Vegetal (ICV) da totalidade na ?rea mapeada ao longo do tempo, sendo 61,25% em 1997, 39,65% em 2007 e 29,02% em 2014. No entanto, o estudo detalhado do ICV tendo como recorte espacial os bairros, mostrou distribui??o espacial bastante desigual. O Zoneamento Ambiental proposto, foi elaborado a partir da integra??o de diferentes planos de informa??o (mapas tem?ticos) e apresenta cinco zonas: (i) Zona de Conserva??o Total; (ii) Zona de Conserva??o de Uso Sustent?vel; (iii) Zona de Expans?o Urbana; (iv) Zona de Controle Ambiental e (v) Zona de Recupera??o. Foi tamb?m proposto a cria??o de tr?s Unidades de Conserva??o localizadas na Zona de Conserva??o Total: (i) Reserva Natural Integral, (ii) Monumento Natural e (iii) ?rea Verde de Prote??o Permanente. O trabalho ser? de grande valia para a gest?o municipal e servir? de base para, a elabora??o dos pr?ximos planos gerais e parciais de urbaniza??o e o Plano de Estrutura Urbana da Cidade da Matola de 2019/2020, alcan?ar os objetivos da Estrat?gia Ambiental para o Desenvolvimento Sustent?vel de Mo?ambique (2007 - 2017) e os objetivos da Agenda 2030 da ONU.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:tede2.uefs.br:8080:tede/312 |
| Date | 22 February 2016 |
| Creators | Matule, Euclides D?lio |
| Contributors | Ponzoni, Fl?vio Jorge |
| Publisher | Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Mestrado em Modelagem em Ci?ncia da Terra e do Ambiente, UEFS, Brasil, DEPARTAMENTO DE CI?NCIAS EXATAS |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | Unknown |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UEFS, instname:Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, instacron:UEFS |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | -4635931346173961925, 600, 600, 600, 7994740082289590807, -4537326059604784016 |
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