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Thermal Reactions of Four-Membered Rings Containing Silicon or Germanium

The synthesis of E- and Z-1,1,2,3-tetramethylsilacyclobutanes is described. Pyrolysis of either isomer at 398.2 °C provides the same products but in different amounts: propene, E- and Z-2-butene, allylethyldimethylsilane, dimethylpropylsilane, the respective geometric isomers, 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-1,3-disilacyclobutane, 1,1, l-ethyldimethyl-2,2,2-vinyldimethyl-disilane and E- and Z-1,1,2,3,3,4-hexamethyl-1,3-disilacyclobutane. Mechanisms involving di- and trimethylsilenes are described for disilane formation and rate constants of the elementary steps for the fragmentation reactions are reported. Photochemically generated dimethylsilylene in the hydrocarbon solution inserts into the cyclic Ge-C or Si-C bonds of 1,1-dimethylgerma- or silacyclobutane to produce 1-germa-2-sila- or 1,2-disilacyclopentane. The relative reactivities of 1,1-dimethylgerma- and silacyclobutanes toward the dimethylsilylene have been determined. The carbenoid resulting from the cuprous chloride catalyzed decomposition of diazomethane at 25 °C in cyclohexane reacts with 1,1-dimethylgermacyclobutane to give, surprisingly 1,1,5,5-tetramethyl-1,5-digermacyclooctane as the major product. The reactions of the carbenoid with 1,1-dimethylsilacyclobutane are described. The kinetics of gas phase thermal decomposition of 1,1-dimethylgermacyclobutane has been studied over the temperature range, 684 - 751 K at pressures near 14 Torr. The Arrhenius parameters for the formation of ethylene are k_1 (s^-1) = 10^(14.6 ± 0.3) exp (62.7 ± 2.9 kcal mol^-1/RT) and those for the formation of propene and cyclopropane are k_2 (s^-1) = 10^(14.0 ± 0.1 ) exp (60.4 ± 2.8 kcal mol^-1/RT). Static gas phase pyrolyses of 1,1-dimethyl-lsilacyclobutene, DMSCB, in the presence of a variety of alkenes and alkynes at 260 - 365 °C have been studied. Our experimental results suggest that under these conditions the DMSCB ring opens to 1,1-dimethyl-l-silabutadiene, which either recyclizes to DMSCB or reacts with alkenes or alkynes in competing 4 + 2 and 2 + 2 cycloadditions.

Identiferoai:union.ndltd.org:unt.edu/info:ark/67531/metadc330607
Date12 1900
CreatorsNamavari, Mohammad, 1950-
ContributorsConlin, Robert T., Theriot, L. J., Dobson, Gerard R., O'Donovan, Gerard A., Marchand, Alan P.
PublisherUniversity of North Texas
Source SetsUniversity of North Texas
LanguageEnglish
Detected LanguageEnglish
TypeThesis or Dissertation
Formatviii, 164 leaves : ill., Text
RightsPublic, Namavari, Mohammad, 1950-, Copyright, Copyright is held by the author, unless otherwise noted. All rights reserved.

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