Background: Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has shifted the focus on infectious diseases and their healthcare and economic burden. However, chronic diseases have been a major focus for over two decades. Four risk behaviors or factors have played a critical role in increasing rates of chronic diseases, and one of such risk factors is physical inactivity that leads to obesity. Obesity has always been associated with chronic conditions, however their association among hospitalized patients is limited. Methods: This study utilized the National Inpatient Sample Data 2019 (NIS 2019) after recoding necessary variables. The study outcome was obesity, defined using ICD-10 diagnosis with a documented BMI ≥ 30kg/m2. The study covariates include patient demographics (age at admission, sex, race) patient behavioral characteristics (drug abuse, smoking, and alcohol ), aspirin use, and comorbid conditions (depression, dementia, chronic lung disease, hypertension, and diabetes with or without complications). Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the patient demographics, behavioral characteristics, and comorbid conditions associated with obesity among hospitalized patients in the US. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were reported,with P-value <0.05. Results: The study sample included 6,043,654 hospitalized patients. Among all inpatients, 17.7% of patients reported being obese. The average age at admission was 58.4 (Std 20.16) years, 57.1% were females. Inpatients with diabetes (27.6%) were 135% more likely of having obesity compared with those without diabetes (aOR 2.35, CI 2.35-2.36, p<0.0001). Furthermore, 53.7% of inpatients had hypertension and were 97% more likely to be obese than those without hypertension (1.97, 1.97-1.98, p<0.0001). Similarly, 12.8% of those with depression are 33.1% more likely to be obese than those without depression. Also, 14.5% of inpatients who used aspirin were 10.9% more likely to be obese than those who did not use aspirin. About 21.1% of hospitalized patients had chronic lung disease, and were 8% more likely to be obese than those without chronic lung disease (1.08, 1.07-1.09, p<0.0001). On the other hand, 16.8% of inpatients were smokers and were 7.3% less likely to have obesity than non-smokers (0.73, 0.726-0.730, p<0.0001). Also, 5.43% of inpatients were noted to have abused alcohol and are 6.70% less likely to be obese (0.67, 0.67-0.67, p<0.0001). Furthermore, 6.38% of inpatients had dementia, and are 4.01% less likely to be obese than those without dementia. Conclusion: Obesity remains an important global public health concern. The study found that hospitalized patients with underlying hypertension, chronic lung disease or diabetes, and use of aspirin were strongly associated with obesity. Thus, it is imperative to expand and evaluate the role of current interventions or policies around overweight/obesity to hospitalized patients thereby reducing the existing burdened healthcare system.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:ETSU/oai:dc.etsu.edu:asrf-2095 |
| Date | 25 April 2023 |
| Creators | Asifat, Olamide, Veeranki, Phani, Magacha, Hezborn, Kan, Gongjian, Zheng, Shimin |
| Publisher | Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University |
| Source Sets | East Tennessee State University |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Source | Appalachian Student Research Forum |
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